加冈扬1号
| 名称 | G1 |
|---|---|
| 任务类型 | 載人航天技术论证 |
| 运营方 | ISRO |
| 航天器属性 | |
| 航天器 | 加冈扬号飞船 |
| 制造方 | 印度斯坦航空有限公司 |
| 任務開始 | |
| 發射日期 | 2024年7月 |
| 运载火箭 | HLVM3 |
| 發射場 | 萨迪什·达万航天中心 |
| 承包方 | ISRO |
| 軌道參數 | |
| 参照系 | 地心轨道 |
| 軌域 | 近地轨道 |
加冈扬1号（英語：Gaganyaan-1、印地語：गगनयान 1）将是印度载人飞船加冈扬号的首次无人测试飞行，计划于2024年7月发射[1]。
背景
该任务原定于2020年12月发射[2]，随后推迟至2021年12月[3]，此后因新冠病毒疫情而一再推迟[2]。发射计划最终于2022年4月正式敲定[4]，预计将在测试载具中止任务1号、2号、3号与4号等技术验证任务之后于2024年7月左右发射[5][1]。2022年4月曾有提议认为本次发射的乘员舱应在任务中保持减压[6]，该提议最终被采纳至最终计划中[7]。
首个“轨道器模组适配器组件”（orbiter module adaptor assembly, OMA，即卫星支架）由基尼科·卡曼复合材料公司（Kineco Kaman Composites）于2023年12月23日交付。该结构呈圆锥形，直径为4米，由碳纤维强化聚合物制成，与设备舱罩和乘员逃生舱相连[8]。随着火箭发动机于2024年2月成功通过鉴定[9]，加冈扬号的首次任务被正式定于2024年7月进行[1]。
任务目标
加冈扬1号飞船将在萨迪什·达万航天中心由经过载人标准评定的地球同步卫星运载火箭3型运载火箭（Human Rated Launch Vehicle Mark-3, HLVM3）发射，并进入170 x 408公里的初始轨道[10]。随后将在第三圈绕地飞行时抬升至近圆轨道。着陆阶段将遵循与TV-D1任务相同的模式[4][11]。
此次任务后，ISRO还会再进行四次中止测试任务[5]。这些任务将在搭载有类人型机器人“维约米特拉”的加冈扬2号任务发射之前进行[12]，而该机器人后来被决定亦将在加冈扬1号上搭载飞行[13]。
参考文献
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Desk, Janam Web. Why were the names of Gaganyaan passengers revealed a year before its launch?. janamtv.com. 2024-02-28 [2024-02-28].
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Jones, Andrew. India revises Gaganyaan human spaceflight plan, delays Chandrayaan-3. SpaceNews. 2021-02-23 [2024-01-06] （美国英语）.
- ^ First uncrewed mission of Gaganyaan in December: It’s race against time for ISRO now. The Hindu. 2021-06-28 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-751X （印度英语）.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Kumar, Chethan. First Gaganyaan uncrewed module to be injected in 170x408km orbit; indicates human spaceflight profile. The Times of India. 2022-04-28 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Chennai: Indian Space Research Organisation to carry out series of tests before launch of Gaganyaan. The Times of India. 2022-07-01 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257.
- ^ Kumar, Chethan. Gaganyaan: First uncrewed mission to have unpressurised crew module. The Times of India. 2022-04-29 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257.
- ^ Marar, Anjali; Dutt, Anonna. PM Modi announces 4 astronauts for Gaganyaan: Current status of the mission. The Indian Express. 2024-02-27 [2024-02-29].
- ^ Pilerne-based Kineco Kaman delivers key component for Isro’s human space mission. The Times of India. 2023-12-23 [2024-02-13]. ISSN 0971-8257.
- ^ Kumar, Chetan. Gaganyaan: Cryo engine qualification for human-rated LVM-3 completed. The Times of India. 2024-02-21 [2024-02-21]. ISSN 0971-8257.
- ^ Kumar, Chethan. Chandrayaan-3 a shot in the arm for Gaganyaan-1. The Times of India. 2023-07-15 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257.
- ^ Mission Gaganyaan: Better safe than starry. The Economic Times. 2022-05-18 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0013-0389.
- ^ First trial for Gaganyaan to be done by end of 2023, or beginning of 2024: Jitendra Singh. The Times of India. 2022-09-13 [2024-01-06]. ISSN 0971-8257.
- ^ Kuthunur, Sharmila. India completes critical test for Gaganyaan flight crewed by humanoid robot later this year. space.com. 2024-02-27 [2024-02-28].
书目
- Jones, Andrew. India revises Gaganyaan human spaceflight plan, delays Chandrayaan-3. Space News. 2021-02-23.
- PTI. First uncrewed mission of Gaganyaan in December: It's race against time for ISRO now. 2021-06-28.
|journal=被忽略 (帮助) - Kumar, Chethan. First Gaganyaan uncrewed module to be injected in 170x408km orbit; indicates human spaceflight profile. 2022-04-28.
|journal=被忽略 (帮助) - Kumar, Chenthan. Gaganyaan: First uncrewed mission to have unpressurised crew module. 2022-04-29.
|journal=被忽略 (帮助) - Bagla, Pallava. Mission Gaganyaan: Better safe than starry. 2022-05-18.
|journal=被忽略 (帮助) - TNN. Chennai: Indian Space Research Organisation to carry out series of tests before launch of Gaganyaan. 2022-07-01.
|journal=被忽略 (帮助) - ANI. First trial for Gaganyaan to be done by end of 2023, or beginning of 2024: Jitendra Singh. 2022-09-13.
|journal=被忽略 (帮助) - Ramesh, Sandhya. India's first human spaceflight Gaganyan in limbo, astronauts partially trained, ISRO silent. ThePrint. 4 December 2022 [6 December 2022].
- Gaganyaan launch delayed: Manned mission now in 'fourth quarter of 2024'. 2022-12-21.
|journal=被忽略 (帮助) - Govt shares an update on Gaganyaan, first abort mission likely in two months. 2023-03-16.
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