File:Mars elevation.stl
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![File:Mars elevation.stl](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Mars_elevation.stl/800px-Mars_elevation.stl.png)
此STL文件的PNG预览的大小:800 × 600像素。 其他分辨率:320 × 240像素 | 640 × 480像素 | 1,024 × 768像素 | 1,280 × 960像素 | 2,560 × 1,920像素 | 5,120 × 3,840像素。
原始文件 (5,120 × 2,880像素,文件大小:27.93 MB,MIME类型:application/sla)
View Mars elevation.stl on viewstl.com
摘要
描述Mars elevation.stl |
English: Mars 20-times-exaggerated elevation model by CMG Lee, using MGS MOLA data. |
日期 | |
来源 | 自己的作品 |
作者 | Cmglee |
其他版本 |
![]() |
Python source
#!/usr/bin/env python
exaggeration = 20
header = ('Mars %s-times-exaggerated elevation model by CMG Lee using MGS MOLA data.'
% (exaggeration))
path_png_alt = 'mars_elevation.png' ## 1-channel equirectangular PNG
luma_datum = 42 ## of 0-255 intensity levels
radius_datum = 3389.5 ## in km
f_wgs84 = 1 - 3376.2 / 3396.2 ## WGS84 flattening factor
km_per_luma = 0.155 * exaggeration ## found from Olympus Mons
scale = 1e-2 ## overall scale of model
lat_offset = 1.0 / 8 ## rotation around planet axis in revolutions
n_division = 200 ## each cubic face divided into n_division^2 squares
class Png:
def __init__(self, path):
(self.width, self.height, self.pixels, self.metadatas) = png.Reader(path).read_flat()
def __str__(self): return str((self.width, self.height, len(self.pixels), self.metadatas))
import time, re, math, struct, png
time.start = time.time()
def log(string): print('%6.3fs\t%s' % (time.time() - time.start, string))
def fmt(string): ## string.format(**vars()) using tags {expression!format} by CMG Lee
def f(tag): i_sep = tag.rfind('!'); return (re.sub('\.0+$', '', str(eval(tag[1:-1])))
if (i_sep < 0) else ('{:%s}' % tag[i_sep + 1:-1]).format(eval(tag[1:i_sep])))
return (re.sub(r'(?<!{){[^{}]+}', lambda m:f(m.group()), string)
.replace('{{', '{').replace('}}', '}'))
def append(obj, string): return obj.append(fmt(string))
def tabbify(cellss, separator='|'):
cellpadss = [list(rows) + [''] * (len(max(cellss, key=len)) - len(rows)) for rows in cellss]
fmts = ['%%%ds' % (max([len(str(cell)) for cell in cols])) for cols in zip(*cellpadss)]
return '\n'.join([separator.join(fmts) % tuple(rows) for rows in cellpadss])
def hex_rgb(colour): ## convert [#]RGB to #RRGGBB and [#]RRGGBB to #RRGGBB
return '#%s' % (colour if len(colour) > 4 else ''.join([c * 2 for c in colour])).lstrip('#')
def viscam_colour(colour):
colour_hex = hex_rgb(colour)
colour_top5bits = [int(colour_hex[i:i+2], 16) >> 3 for i in range(1,7,2)]
return (1 << 15) + (colour_top5bits[0] << 10) + (colour_top5bits[1] << 5) + colour_top5bits[2]
def roundm(x, multiple=1):
if (isinstance(x, tuple)): return tuple(roundm(list(x), multiple))
elif (isinstance(x, list )): return [roundm(x_i, multiple) for x_i in x]
else: return int(math.floor(float(x) / multiple + 0.5)) * multiple
def average(xs): return None if (len(xs) == 0) else float(sum(xs)) / len(xs)
def flatten(lss): return [l for ls in lss for l in ls]
def rotate(facetss, degs): ## around x then y then z axes
(deg_x,deg_y,deg_z) = degs
(sin_x,cos_x) = (math.sin(math.radians(deg_x)), math.cos(math.radians(deg_x)))
(sin_y,cos_y) = (math.sin(math.radians(deg_y)), math.cos(math.radians(deg_y)))
(sin_z,cos_z) = (math.sin(math.radians(deg_z)), math.cos(math.radians(deg_z)))
facet_rotatess = []
for facets in facetss:
facet_rotates = []
for i_point in range(4):
(x,y,z) = [facets[3 * i_point + i_xyz] for i_xyz in range(3)]
if (x is None or y is None or z is None): facet_rotates += [x,y,z]
else:
(y,z) = (y * cos_x - z * sin_x, y * sin_x + z * cos_x) ## rotate about x
(x,z) = (x * cos_y + z * sin_y,-x * sin_y + z * cos_y) ## rotate about y
(x,y) = (x * cos_z - y * sin_z, x * sin_z + y * cos_z) ## rotate about z
facet_rotates += [round(value, 9) for value in [x,y,z]]
facet_rotatess.append(facet_rotates)
return facet_rotatess
def translate(facetss, ds): ## ds = (dx,dy,dz)
return [facets[:3] + [facets[3 * i_point + i_xyz] + ds[i_xyz]
for i_point in range(1,4) for i_xyz in range(3)] for facets in facetss]
def flip(facetss): return [facets[:3]+facets[6:9]+facets[3:6]+facets[9:] for facets in facetss]
def cube_xyz_to_sphere_xyz(cube_xyzs):
(x,y,z) = [float(xyz) for xyz in cube_xyzs]
(x_squared,y_squared,z_squared) = (x * x,y * y,z * z)
return (x * (1 - (y_squared + z_squared) / 2 + y_squared * z_squared / 3) ** 0.5,
y * (1 - (x_squared + z_squared) / 2 + x_squared * z_squared / 3) ** 0.5,
z * (1 - (y_squared + x_squared) / 2 + y_squared * x_squared / 3) ** 0.5)
def xyz_to_lla(xyzs):
(x,y,z) = xyzs
alt = (x * x + y * y + z * z) ** 0.5
lon = math.atan2(y, x)
lat = math.asin(z / alt)
return (lat,lon,alt)
deg_90 = math.pi / 2
def find_alt(lat_lons, altss):
(lat,lon) = lat_lons
if (lat == deg_90): alt = average(altss[ 0])
elif (lat == -deg_90): alt = average(altss[-1])
else:
(width,height) = (len(altss[0]),len(altss))
x = (0.5 + lon / (deg_90 * 4) + lat_offset) * width
y = (0.5 - lat / (deg_90 * 2) ) * height
(x_int,y_int) = (int(x) , int(y) )
(x_dec,y_dec) = (x - x_int, y - y_int)
(x0,x1) = (x_int % width , (x_int + 1) % width )
(y0,y1) = (y_int % height, (y_int + 1) % height)
alt = ((altss[y0][x0] * (1 - x_dec) + altss[y1][x0] * x_dec) * (1 - y_dec) +
(altss[y0][x1] * (1 - x_dec) + altss[y1][x1] * x_dec) * y_dec)
# print(map(math.degrees, lat_lons), y,x, alt)
return alt
def radius_wgs84(lat):
if (lat in radius_wgs84.cachess): return radius_wgs84.cachess[lat]
(sin_lat, cos_lat) = (math.sin(lat), math.cos(lat))
ff = (1 - f_wgs84) ** 2
c = 1 / (cos_lat ** 2 + ff * sin_lat ** 2) ** 0.5
s = c * ff
radius_c_s_s = (radius_datum * c, radius_datum * s)
radius_wgs84.cachess[lat] = radius_c_s_s
return radius_c_s_s
radius_wgs84.cachess = {}
def lla_to_sphere_xyz(llas):
(lat,lon,alt) = llas
(sin_lat,sin_lon) = (math.sin(lat),math.sin(lon))
(cos_lat,cos_lon) = (math.cos(lat),math.cos(lon))
(radius_c, radius_s) = [(c_s_radius + alt * km_per_luma) * scale
for c_s_radius in radius_wgs84(lat)]
return (radius_c * cos_lat * cos_lon,radius_c * cos_lat * sin_lon,radius_s * sin_lat)
def xyz_alt_to_xyza(xyzs, altss):
(lat,lon,alt) = xyz_to_lla(xyzs)
alt = find_alt((lat,lon), altss)
lla_alts = [list(lla_to_sphere_xyz((lat,lon,alt))), alt]
return lla_alts
log("Read elevation data")
png_alt = Png(path_png_alt)
if (png_alt.metadatas['planes'] != 1): print("%s not 1-channel PNG" % (path_png_alt)); sys.exit(1)
log(png_alt)
altss = [[png_alt.pixels[png_alt.width * y + x] - luma_datum
for x in range(png_alt.width)] for y in range(png_alt.height)] ## altss[y][x]
log("Find vertices")
k = 2.0 / n_division
range_k = range(n_division + 1)
face_vertex_llassss = [ ## [0=top][i_y][i_x][xyz,alt]
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza((x*k-1,y*k-1, 1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza((x*k-1, -1,y*k-1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza(( 1,x*k-1,y*k-1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza((y*k-1,x*k-1, -1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza((y*k-1, 1,x*k-1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza(( -1,y*k-1,x*k-1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
]
log("Add facets") ## cube xyz -> ll(a) -> image xy -> a -> sphere xyz
facetss = []
for (i_face,face_vertex_llasss) in enumerate(face_vertex_llassss):
for v in range(n_division):
for u in range(n_division):
(xyz00, alt00) = face_vertex_llasss[v ][u ]
(xyz01, alt01) = face_vertex_llasss[v ][u + 1]
(xyz10, alt10) = face_vertex_llasss[v + 1][u ]
(xyz11, alt11) = face_vertex_llasss[v + 1][u + 1]
(xyz_m, alt_m) = xyz_alt_to_xyza([average(xyzs) for xyzs in zip(*(xyz00,xyz01,xyz10,xyz11))],
altss)
if (alt_m > max(alt00,alt01,alt10,alt11) or alt_m < min(alt00,alt01,alt10,alt11)):
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz_m + xyz00 + xyz10)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz_m + xyz10 + xyz11)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz_m + xyz11 + xyz01)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz_m + xyz01 + xyz00)
else:
if (abs(alt00 - alt11) < abs(alt01 - alt10)):
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz00 + xyz10 + xyz11)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz11 + xyz01 + xyz00)
else:
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz10 + xyz11 + xyz01)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz01 + xyz00 + xyz10)
log("Calculate normals")
for facets in facetss:
if (facets[0] is None or facets[1] is None or facets[2] is None):
us = [facets[i_xyz + 9] - facets[i_xyz + 6] for i_xyz in range(3)]
vs = [facets[i_xyz + 6] - facets[i_xyz + 3] for i_xyz in range(3)]
normals = [us[1]*vs[2] - us[2]*vs[1], us[2]*vs[0] - us[0]*vs[2], us[0]*vs[1] - us[1]*vs[0]]
normal_length = sum([component * component for component in normals]) ** 0.5
facets[:3] = [-round(component / normal_length, 10) for component in normals]
# log(tabbify([['N%s' % (xyz ) for xyz in list('xyz')] +
# ['%s%d' % (xyz, n) for n in range(3) for xyz in list('XYZ')] + ['RGB']] + facetss))
log("Compile STL")
outss = ([[('STL\n\n%-73s\n\n' % (header[:73])).encode('utf-8'), struct.pack('<L',len(facetss))]] +
[[struct.pack('<f',float(value)) for value in facets[:12]] +
[struct.pack('<H',0 if (len(facets) <= 12) else
viscam_colour(facets[12]))] for facets in facetss])
out = b''.join([bytes(out) for outs in outss for out in outs])
# out += ('\n\n## Python script to generate STL\n\n%s\n' % (open(__file__).read())).encode('utf-8')
log("Write STL")
with open(__file__[:__file__.rfind('.')] + '.stl', 'wb') as f_out: f_out.write(out)
log("#bytes:%d\t#facets:%d\ttitle:\"%-73s\"" % (len(out), len(facetss), header[:73]))
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The uploader of this file has agreed to the Wikimedia Foundation 3D patent license: This file and any 3D objects depicted in the file are both my own work. I hereby grant to each user, maker, or distributor of the object depicted in the file a worldwide, royalty-free, fully-paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable and perpetual license at no additional cost under any patent or patent application I own now or in the future, to make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import, and distribute this file and any 3D objects depicted in the file that would otherwise infringe any claims of any patents I hold now or in the future. Please note that in the event of any differences in meaning or interpretation between the original English version of this license and a translation, the original English version takes precedence. |
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添加一行文字以描述该文件所表现的内容
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知识共享署名-相同方式共享4.0国际 简体中文(已转写)
3 4 2018
文件历史
点击某个日期/时间查看对应时刻的文件。
日期/时间 | 缩略图 | 大小 | 用户 | 备注 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
当前 | 2018年4月16日 (一) 00:15 | ![]() | 5,120 × 2,880(27.93 MB) | Cmglee | Fix facets facing wrong way, subdivide facets with local minima/maxima and rotate planet to show Valles Marineris. |
2018年4月12日 (四) 18:25 | ![]() | 5,120 × 2,880(22.89 MB) | Cmglee | Use cubic subdivision to allow smoother terrain by triangulating each quadrilateral along diagonal with the smaller height difference. | |
2018年4月4日 (三) 22:09 | ![]() | 5,120 × 2,880(25 MB) | Cmglee | Use octahedron subdivision to increase resolution and fix poles. | |
2018年4月3日 (二) 00:40 | ![]() | 5,120 × 2,880(24.72 MB) | Cmglee | User created page with UploadWizard |
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