File:Mars elevation.stl
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![File:Mars elevation.stl](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Mars_elevation.stl/800px-Mars_elevation.stl.png)
此 STL 檔案的 PNG 預覽的大小:800 × 600 像素。 其他解析度:320 × 240 像素 | 640 × 480 像素 | 1,024 × 768 像素 | 1,280 × 960 像素 | 2,560 × 1,920 像素 | 5,120 × 3,840 像素。
原始檔案 (5,120 × 2,880 像素,檔案大小:27.93 MB,MIME 類型:application/sla)
View Mars elevation.stl on viewstl.com
摘要
描述Mars elevation.stl |
English: Mars 20-times-exaggerated elevation model by CMG Lee, using MGS MOLA data. |
日期 | |
來源 | 自己的作品 |
作者 | Cmglee |
其他版本 |
![]() |
Python source
#!/usr/bin/env python
exaggeration = 20
header = ('Mars %s-times-exaggerated elevation model by CMG Lee using MGS MOLA data.'
% (exaggeration))
path_png_alt = 'mars_elevation.png' ## 1-channel equirectangular PNG
luma_datum = 42 ## of 0-255 intensity levels
radius_datum = 3389.5 ## in km
f_wgs84 = 1 - 3376.2 / 3396.2 ## WGS84 flattening factor
km_per_luma = 0.155 * exaggeration ## found from Olympus Mons
scale = 1e-2 ## overall scale of model
lat_offset = 1.0 / 8 ## rotation around planet axis in revolutions
n_division = 200 ## each cubic face divided into n_division^2 squares
class Png:
def __init__(self, path):
(self.width, self.height, self.pixels, self.metadatas) = png.Reader(path).read_flat()
def __str__(self): return str((self.width, self.height, len(self.pixels), self.metadatas))
import time, re, math, struct, png
time.start = time.time()
def log(string): print('%6.3fs\t%s' % (time.time() - time.start, string))
def fmt(string): ## string.format(**vars()) using tags {expression!format} by CMG Lee
def f(tag): i_sep = tag.rfind('!'); return (re.sub('\.0+$', '', str(eval(tag[1:-1])))
if (i_sep < 0) else ('{:%s}' % tag[i_sep + 1:-1]).format(eval(tag[1:i_sep])))
return (re.sub(r'(?<!{){[^{}]+}', lambda m:f(m.group()), string)
.replace('{{', '{').replace('}}', '}'))
def append(obj, string): return obj.append(fmt(string))
def tabbify(cellss, separator='|'):
cellpadss = [list(rows) + [''] * (len(max(cellss, key=len)) - len(rows)) for rows in cellss]
fmts = ['%%%ds' % (max([len(str(cell)) for cell in cols])) for cols in zip(*cellpadss)]
return '\n'.join([separator.join(fmts) % tuple(rows) for rows in cellpadss])
def hex_rgb(colour): ## convert [#]RGB to #RRGGBB and [#]RRGGBB to #RRGGBB
return '#%s' % (colour if len(colour) > 4 else ''.join([c * 2 for c in colour])).lstrip('#')
def viscam_colour(colour):
colour_hex = hex_rgb(colour)
colour_top5bits = [int(colour_hex[i:i+2], 16) >> 3 for i in range(1,7,2)]
return (1 << 15) + (colour_top5bits[0] << 10) + (colour_top5bits[1] << 5) + colour_top5bits[2]
def roundm(x, multiple=1):
if (isinstance(x, tuple)): return tuple(roundm(list(x), multiple))
elif (isinstance(x, list )): return [roundm(x_i, multiple) for x_i in x]
else: return int(math.floor(float(x) / multiple + 0.5)) * multiple
def average(xs): return None if (len(xs) == 0) else float(sum(xs)) / len(xs)
def flatten(lss): return [l for ls in lss for l in ls]
def rotate(facetss, degs): ## around x then y then z axes
(deg_x,deg_y,deg_z) = degs
(sin_x,cos_x) = (math.sin(math.radians(deg_x)), math.cos(math.radians(deg_x)))
(sin_y,cos_y) = (math.sin(math.radians(deg_y)), math.cos(math.radians(deg_y)))
(sin_z,cos_z) = (math.sin(math.radians(deg_z)), math.cos(math.radians(deg_z)))
facet_rotatess = []
for facets in facetss:
facet_rotates = []
for i_point in range(4):
(x,y,z) = [facets[3 * i_point + i_xyz] for i_xyz in range(3)]
if (x is None or y is None or z is None): facet_rotates += [x,y,z]
else:
(y,z) = (y * cos_x - z * sin_x, y * sin_x + z * cos_x) ## rotate about x
(x,z) = (x * cos_y + z * sin_y,-x * sin_y + z * cos_y) ## rotate about y
(x,y) = (x * cos_z - y * sin_z, x * sin_z + y * cos_z) ## rotate about z
facet_rotates += [round(value, 9) for value in [x,y,z]]
facet_rotatess.append(facet_rotates)
return facet_rotatess
def translate(facetss, ds): ## ds = (dx,dy,dz)
return [facets[:3] + [facets[3 * i_point + i_xyz] + ds[i_xyz]
for i_point in range(1,4) for i_xyz in range(3)] for facets in facetss]
def flip(facetss): return [facets[:3]+facets[6:9]+facets[3:6]+facets[9:] for facets in facetss]
def cube_xyz_to_sphere_xyz(cube_xyzs):
(x,y,z) = [float(xyz) for xyz in cube_xyzs]
(x_squared,y_squared,z_squared) = (x * x,y * y,z * z)
return (x * (1 - (y_squared + z_squared) / 2 + y_squared * z_squared / 3) ** 0.5,
y * (1 - (x_squared + z_squared) / 2 + x_squared * z_squared / 3) ** 0.5,
z * (1 - (y_squared + x_squared) / 2 + y_squared * x_squared / 3) ** 0.5)
def xyz_to_lla(xyzs):
(x,y,z) = xyzs
alt = (x * x + y * y + z * z) ** 0.5
lon = math.atan2(y, x)
lat = math.asin(z / alt)
return (lat,lon,alt)
deg_90 = math.pi / 2
def find_alt(lat_lons, altss):
(lat,lon) = lat_lons
if (lat == deg_90): alt = average(altss[ 0])
elif (lat == -deg_90): alt = average(altss[-1])
else:
(width,height) = (len(altss[0]),len(altss))
x = (0.5 + lon / (deg_90 * 4) + lat_offset) * width
y = (0.5 - lat / (deg_90 * 2) ) * height
(x_int,y_int) = (int(x) , int(y) )
(x_dec,y_dec) = (x - x_int, y - y_int)
(x0,x1) = (x_int % width , (x_int + 1) % width )
(y0,y1) = (y_int % height, (y_int + 1) % height)
alt = ((altss[y0][x0] * (1 - x_dec) + altss[y1][x0] * x_dec) * (1 - y_dec) +
(altss[y0][x1] * (1 - x_dec) + altss[y1][x1] * x_dec) * y_dec)
# print(map(math.degrees, lat_lons), y,x, alt)
return alt
def radius_wgs84(lat):
if (lat in radius_wgs84.cachess): return radius_wgs84.cachess[lat]
(sin_lat, cos_lat) = (math.sin(lat), math.cos(lat))
ff = (1 - f_wgs84) ** 2
c = 1 / (cos_lat ** 2 + ff * sin_lat ** 2) ** 0.5
s = c * ff
radius_c_s_s = (radius_datum * c, radius_datum * s)
radius_wgs84.cachess[lat] = radius_c_s_s
return radius_c_s_s
radius_wgs84.cachess = {}
def lla_to_sphere_xyz(llas):
(lat,lon,alt) = llas
(sin_lat,sin_lon) = (math.sin(lat),math.sin(lon))
(cos_lat,cos_lon) = (math.cos(lat),math.cos(lon))
(radius_c, radius_s) = [(c_s_radius + alt * km_per_luma) * scale
for c_s_radius in radius_wgs84(lat)]
return (radius_c * cos_lat * cos_lon,radius_c * cos_lat * sin_lon,radius_s * sin_lat)
def xyz_alt_to_xyza(xyzs, altss):
(lat,lon,alt) = xyz_to_lla(xyzs)
alt = find_alt((lat,lon), altss)
lla_alts = [list(lla_to_sphere_xyz((lat,lon,alt))), alt]
return lla_alts
log("Read elevation data")
png_alt = Png(path_png_alt)
if (png_alt.metadatas['planes'] != 1): print("%s not 1-channel PNG" % (path_png_alt)); sys.exit(1)
log(png_alt)
altss = [[png_alt.pixels[png_alt.width * y + x] - luma_datum
for x in range(png_alt.width)] for y in range(png_alt.height)] ## altss[y][x]
log("Find vertices")
k = 2.0 / n_division
range_k = range(n_division + 1)
face_vertex_llassss = [ ## [0=top][i_y][i_x][xyz,alt]
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza((x*k-1,y*k-1, 1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza((x*k-1, -1,y*k-1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza(( 1,x*k-1,y*k-1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza((y*k-1,x*k-1, -1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza((y*k-1, 1,x*k-1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
[[xyz_alt_to_xyza(( -1,y*k-1,x*k-1), altss) for y in range_k] for x in range_k],
]
log("Add facets") ## cube xyz -> ll(a) -> image xy -> a -> sphere xyz
facetss = []
for (i_face,face_vertex_llasss) in enumerate(face_vertex_llassss):
for v in range(n_division):
for u in range(n_division):
(xyz00, alt00) = face_vertex_llasss[v ][u ]
(xyz01, alt01) = face_vertex_llasss[v ][u + 1]
(xyz10, alt10) = face_vertex_llasss[v + 1][u ]
(xyz11, alt11) = face_vertex_llasss[v + 1][u + 1]
(xyz_m, alt_m) = xyz_alt_to_xyza([average(xyzs) for xyzs in zip(*(xyz00,xyz01,xyz10,xyz11))],
altss)
if (alt_m > max(alt00,alt01,alt10,alt11) or alt_m < min(alt00,alt01,alt10,alt11)):
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz_m + xyz00 + xyz10)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz_m + xyz10 + xyz11)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz_m + xyz11 + xyz01)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz_m + xyz01 + xyz00)
else:
if (abs(alt00 - alt11) < abs(alt01 - alt10)):
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz00 + xyz10 + xyz11)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz11 + xyz01 + xyz00)
else:
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz10 + xyz11 + xyz01)
facetss.append([None,0,0] + xyz01 + xyz00 + xyz10)
log("Calculate normals")
for facets in facetss:
if (facets[0] is None or facets[1] is None or facets[2] is None):
us = [facets[i_xyz + 9] - facets[i_xyz + 6] for i_xyz in range(3)]
vs = [facets[i_xyz + 6] - facets[i_xyz + 3] for i_xyz in range(3)]
normals = [us[1]*vs[2] - us[2]*vs[1], us[2]*vs[0] - us[0]*vs[2], us[0]*vs[1] - us[1]*vs[0]]
normal_length = sum([component * component for component in normals]) ** 0.5
facets[:3] = [-round(component / normal_length, 10) for component in normals]
# log(tabbify([['N%s' % (xyz ) for xyz in list('xyz')] +
# ['%s%d' % (xyz, n) for n in range(3) for xyz in list('XYZ')] + ['RGB']] + facetss))
log("Compile STL")
outss = ([[('STL\n\n%-73s\n\n' % (header[:73])).encode('utf-8'), struct.pack('<L',len(facetss))]] +
[[struct.pack('<f',float(value)) for value in facets[:12]] +
[struct.pack('<H',0 if (len(facets) <= 12) else
viscam_colour(facets[12]))] for facets in facetss])
out = b''.join([bytes(out) for outs in outss for out in outs])
# out += ('\n\n## Python script to generate STL\n\n%s\n' % (open(__file__).read())).encode('utf-8')
log("Write STL")
with open(__file__[:__file__.rfind('.')] + '.stl', 'wb') as f_out: f_out.write(out)
log("#bytes:%d\t#facets:%d\ttitle:\"%-73s\"" % (len(out), len(facetss), header[:73]))
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描繪內容
3 4 2018
檔案歷史
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日期/時間 | 縮圖 | 尺寸 | 用戶 | 備註 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
目前 | 2018年4月16日 (一) 00:15 | ![]() | 5,120 × 2,880(27.93 MB) | Cmglee | Fix facets facing wrong way, subdivide facets with local minima/maxima and rotate planet to show Valles Marineris. |
2018年4月12日 (四) 18:25 | ![]() | 5,120 × 2,880(22.89 MB) | Cmglee | Use cubic subdivision to allow smoother terrain by triangulating each quadrilateral along diagonal with the smaller height difference. | |
2018年4月4日 (三) 22:09 | ![]() | 5,120 × 2,880(25 MB) | Cmglee | Use octahedron subdivision to increase resolution and fix poles. | |
2018年4月3日 (二) 00:40 | ![]() | 5,120 × 2,880(24.72 MB) | Cmglee | User created page with UploadWizard |
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