Myrmosaulus
Myrmosaulus
| |
|---|---|
| |
| 红头弓背蚁的小型工蚁 | |
科学分类 
| |
| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
| 纲： | 昆虫纲 Insecta |
| 目： | 膜翅目 Hymenoptera |
| 科： | 蚁科 Formicidae |
| 属： | 弓背蚁属 Camponotus |
| 亚属： | Myrmosaulus Myrmosaulus Wheeler, W.M., 1921 |
| 模式种 | |
| Camponotus cinerascens (Fabricius, 1787)
| |
| 物种 | |
|
见内文 | |
| 多样性 | |
| 12种 | |
Myrmosaulus是弓背蚁属之下的一个亚属，英文称为“Monster-head Carpenter Ants” （意译为：怪物头木匠蚁）。由Wheeler于1921年描述。[1][2]
描述
该亚属物种从大型至中型；二态性明显。 头部一般侧缘圆润，后缘凹陷；小头有侧缘笔直或圆形，后缘凸起或尖状（导弹形），一些物种的末端为颈部，如巨人恐蚁（Dinomyrmex gigas）和一些Tanaemyrmex属的物种。前缘产生矩形或圆形叶，类似Tanaemyrmex。 下颌骨沿咀嚼边缘有 6-8 个简单齿;齿状物有时沿基缘出现。 柄节略长于后头缘，即使在大种中也是如此。 在工蚁中，中体背侧呈圆形;后吻合线深至轻微压痕；在前一种情况下，前足形状为圆形凸起;后鼻气孔在中体背侧非常明显。 叶柄通常或多或少呈结节状。 花序和胫骨有细小的白色毛（除了 C. aurocinctus（注：C. aurocinctus被Shattuck & McArthur (2002) 转移到未排名的wiederckehri组]。[2]
特点
该亚属的大部分工蚁的中并胸腹节在与并胸腹节之间都会有凹陷，且并胸腹节后部微凸起。[2] 该亚属部分物种的大型工蚁的头部具有极度特化现象。
下属物种
该亚属包括以下12个成员：
- 金腹弓背蚁 Camponotus auriventris Emery, 1889 [3]
- 金环弓背蚁 Camponotus aurocinctus (Smith, F., 1858) [4]
- Camponotus batesii Forel, 1895 [5]
- Camponotus camelinus (Smith, F., 1857)
- 丝毛弓背蚁 Camponotus holosericeus Emery, 1889 中华弓背蚁
- 无畏弓背蚁 Camponotus intrepidus (Kirby, W., 1819) 勇敢弓背蚁
- Camponotus leae Wheeler, W.M., 1915
- Camponotus molossus Forel, 1907
- 红头弓背蚁 Camponotus singularis (Smith, F., 1858) [6]
- Camponotus singularis rufomaculatus Donisthorpe, 1941 [7]
- 满绒弓背蚁 Camponotus suffusus (Smith, F., 1858) [8]
- Camponotus suffusus bendigensis Forel, 1902 [9]
- Camponotus versicolor Clark, 1930
- Camponotus whitei Wheeler, W.M., 1915
参考文献
- ^ Wheeler, W. M. 1921a. Professor Emery's subgenera of the genus Camponotus Mayr. Psyche (Camb.) 28: 16-19 (page 18, Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus)
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 112, Myrmosaulus as subgenus of Camponotus)
- ^ Jaitrong W.; Nabhitabhata, J. 2005. A list of known ant species of Thailand. The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(1): 9-54.
- ^ Wheeler, W. M. 1922i. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VII. Keys to the genera and subgenera of ants. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: 631-710 (page 705, combination in C. (Myrmosaulus))
- ^ Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp. (page 88, catalogue)
- ^ 吴坚.王常禄.中国蚂蚁.北京:中国林业出版社.1995.
- ^ Donisthorpe, H. 1941k. Descriptions of new ants (Hym., Formicidae) from various localities. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11(8): 199-210 (page 208, soldier, worker d*Yamane, S., Tanaka, H.O., Hasimoto, Y., Ohashi, M., Meleng, P., Itioka, T. 2021. A list of ants from Lambir Hills National Park and its vicinity, with their biological information: Part II. Subfamilies Leptanillinae, Proceratiinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Dorylinae, Dolichoderinae, Ectatomminae and Formicinae. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University 31, 87–157.
- ^ Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 114, Combination in C. (Myrmosaulus))
- ^ Crawley, W. C. 1921. New and little-known species of ants from various localities. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9)7:87-97. PDF