真盲缺目
真盲缺目![]() 化石时期:
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由左上角順時針分別是海地溝齒鼩、剌蝟(可能為西歐刺蝟或北方白胸刺蝟)、歐洲鼴鼠及飾紋鼩鼱 | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 哺乳纲 Mammalia |
高目: | 北方真兽高目 Boreoeutheria |
总目: | 勞亞獸總目 Laurasiatheria |
目: | 真盲缺目 Eulipotyphla Waddell et al., 1999 |
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真盲缺目(學名:Eulipotyphla)又名勞亞食蟲目,是哺乳動物的一目。原本,本目的物種被歸於現已不再使用的食蟲目中,但因種系發生的研究確定食蟲目是多系群,而被重新分類成「盲缺目」(Lipotyphla)指沒有盲腸的動物;隨後,又移除了馬島蝟及金毛鼴等非洲蝟目動物,成為現在的「真盲缺目」(或稱「勞亞食蟲目」)。
本目包含刺蝟、鼠蝟、溝齒鼩、鼴鼠、鼩鼴、鼩鼱等動物。[1][2][3]
分類
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Talpa_europaea_MHNT.jpg/220px-Talpa_europaea_MHNT.jpg)
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Erinaceus_europaeus_%28Linnaeus%2C_1758%29.jpg/220px-Erinaceus_europaeus_%28Linnaeus%2C_1758%29.jpg)
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Sorex-araneus.jpg/220px-Sorex-araneus.jpg)
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Hispaniolan_Solenodon_crop.jpg/220px-Hispaniolan_Solenodon_crop.jpg)
- 真盲缺目 Eulipotyphla
依據Roca et al.與Brace et al.的研究,既存本目動物間的關係如下[2][7]:
真盲缺目 |
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上面種系發生樹的上下兩個分支被分子钟推定約於7,200萬至7,400萬年前分開演化[7],島鼯科與溝齒鼩科約於5,700萬年前分開演化[7],鼴科與最下面的兩科約於6,900萬年前分開演化,鼩鼱科與蝟科則約於6,400萬年前分開演化[8]。
參考資料
- ^ Douady, C. J.; Chatelier, P. I.; Madsen, O.; de Jong, W. W.; Catzeflis, F.; Springer, M. S.; Stanhope, M. J. Molecular phylogenetic evidence confirming the Eulipotyphla concept and in support of hedgehogs as the sister group to shrews. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. October 2002, 25 (1): 200–209. PMID 12383761. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00232-4.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Roca, A. L.; Bar-Gal, G. K.; Eizirik, E.; Helgen, K. M.; Maria, R.; Springer, M. S.; O'Brien, S. J.; Murphy, W. J. Mesozoic origin for West Indian insectivores. Nature. 2004-06-10, 429 (6992): 649–651. Bibcode:2004Natur.429..649R. PMID 15190349. S2CID 915633. doi:10.1038/nature02597.
- ^ Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P.; Cardillo, M.; Jones, K. E.; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Beck, R. M. D.; Grenyer, R.; Price, S. A.; Vos, R. A.; Gittleman, J. L.; Purvis, A. The delayed rise of present-day mammals. Nature. 2007-03-29, 446 (7135): 507–512. Bibcode:2007Natur.446..507B. PMID 17392779. S2CID 4314965. doi:10.1038/nature05634.
- ^ Kim, N.H.; Lim, S.J.; Chae, H.M.; Park, Y.C. Complete mitochondrial genome of the Amur hedgehog Erinaceus amurensis (Erinaceidae) and higher phylogeny of the family Erinaceidae. Genetics and Molecular Research. 2017, 16 (1). PMID 28198504. doi:10.4238/gmr16019300
.
- ^ Dubey, S.; Salamin, N.; Ohdachi, S.D.; Barrière, P.; Vogel, P. Molecular phylogenetics of shrews (Mammalia: Soricidae) reveal timing of transcontinental colonizations. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2007, 44 (1): 126–137. PMID 17267241. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.002.
- ^ He, K.; Shinohara, A.; Helgen, K.M.; Springer, M.S.; Jiang, X.-L.; Campbell, K.L. Talpid Mole Phylogeny Unites Shrew Moles and Illuminates Overlooked Cryptic Species Diversity. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2017, 34 (1): 78–87. PMID 27795230. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw221
.
- ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Brace, S.; Thomas, J. A.; Dalén, L.; Burger, J.; MacPhee, R. D. E.; Barnes, I.; Turvey, S. T. Evolutionary History of the Nesophontidae, the Last Unplaced Recent Mammal Family. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2016, 33 (12): 3095–3103. PMID 27624716. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw186
.
- ^ Springer, M. S.; Murphy, W. J.; Roca, A. L. Appropriate fossil calibrations and tree constraints uphold the Mesozoic divergence of solenodons from other extant mammals. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2018, 121: 158–165. PMID 29331683. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.01.007.
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