四碘化锗

四碘化锗
识别
CAS号	13450-95-8
性质
化学式	GeI4
摩尔质量	580.26 g·mol−1
外观	红色晶体; （不同温度下的颜色参见此文献）
密度	4.32 g·cm−3
熔点	146 °C（419 K）
溶解性	可溶于非极性溶剂，如二硫化碳、氯仿和苯
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

四碘化锗是一种无机化合物，化学式为GeI₄。它可由锗和碘反应^[2]或二氧化锗和57%氢碘酸反应得到：^[1]

GeO₂ + 4 HI → GeI₄ + 2 H₂O

它和四烃基锡在250 °C反应，生成R₂SnI₂和R₂GeI₂（R= Et, Bu, Ph）。^[4]它和锗、硫在高温下发生化合反应，生成红色的GeSI₂和橙色的Ge₂S₃I₂。^[5]它和九羰基二铁于130 °C在离子液体（[BMIm]Cl/AlCl₃）中反应，可以得到Ge₁₂[Fe(CO)₃]₈I₄。^[6]

12 GeI₄ + 15 Fe₂(CO)₉ → Ge₁₂[Fe(CO)₃]₈I₄ + 22 FeI₂ + 111 CO↑

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 A. W. Laubengayer, P. L. Brandt. The Preparation of Germanium Tetrabromide and Germanium Tetraiodide. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1932-02, 54 (2): 621–623 [2021-01-12]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja01341a502. （原始内容存档于2021-10-20）（英语）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 L. M. Dennis, F. E. Hance. GERMANIUM. IV. GERMANIUM TETRA-IODIDE 1. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1922-12, 44 (12): 2854–2860 [2021-01-12]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja01433a020 （英语）.
^ Schenk, P.W. 12. Silicon and Germanium. Brauer, Georg (编). Handbook of preparative inorganic chemistry Second. Academic Press. 1963: 719. ISBN 978-0-12-395590-6. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-395590-6.50020-X.
^ Kocheshkov, K. A.; Fomina, N. V.; Sheverdina, N. I.; Zemlyanskii, N. N.; Chernoplekova, V. A. Reaction of tetraalkyltin with germanium tetrahalides. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1973. 3: 711. ISSN: 0002-3353.
^ A.P. Velmuzhov, M.V. Sukhanov, A.D. Plekhovich, A.I. Suchkov, V.S. Shiryaev. Thermal decomposition study of GeSI2 and Ge2S3I2 glassy alloys. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 2015-03, 411: 40–44 [2021-01-12]. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2014.09.018 （英语）.
^ Silke Wolf, Wim Klopper, Claus Feldmann. Ge 12 {Fe(CO) 3 } 8 (μ-I) 4 : a germanium–iron cluster with Ge 4 , Ge 2 and Ge units. Chemical Communications. 2018, 54 (10): 1217–1220 [2021-01-12]. ISSN 1359-7345. doi:10.1039/C7CC08091C （英语）.

[syn-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 A. W. Laubengayer, P. L. Brandt. The Preparation of Germanium Tetrabromide and Germanium Tetraiodide. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1932-02, 54 (2): 621–623 [2021-01-12]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja01341a502. （原始内容存档于2021-10-20）（英语）.

[prop-2] 2.0 ^2.1 L. M. Dennis, F. E. Hance. GERMANIUM. IV. GERMANIUM TETRA-IODIDE 1. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1922-12, 44 (12): 2854–2860 [2021-01-12]. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/ja01433a020 （英语）.

[3] Schenk, P.W. 12. Silicon and Germanium. Brauer, Georg (编). Handbook of preparative inorganic chemistry Second. Academic Press. 1963: 719. ISBN 978-0-12-395590-6. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-395590-6.50020-X.

[4] Kocheshkov, K. A.; Fomina, N. V.; Sheverdina, N. I.; Zemlyanskii, N. N.; Chernoplekova, V. A. Reaction of tetraalkyltin with germanium tetrahalides. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1973. 3: 711. ISSN: 0002-3353.

[5] A.P. Velmuzhov, M.V. Sukhanov, A.D. Plekhovich, A.I. Suchkov, V.S. Shiryaev. Thermal decomposition study of GeSI2 and Ge2S3I2 glassy alloys. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 2015-03, 411: 40–44 [2021-01-12]. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2014.09.018 （英语）.

[6] Silke Wolf, Wim Klopper, Claus Feldmann. Ge 12 {Fe(CO) 3 } 8 (μ-I) 4 : a germanium–iron cluster with Ge 4 , Ge 2 and Ge units. Chemical Communications. 2018, 54 (10): 1217–1220 [2021-01-12]. ISSN 1359-7345. doi:10.1039/C7CC08091C （英语）.

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