反式作用干扰小RNA
反式作用干扰小RNA(Trans-acting siRNA,簡稱tasiRNA)是陸生植物的一類小干擾RNA(siRNA),可進行RNA干擾,抑制其他基因的表現[1][2][3]。tasiRNA最早於2004年在模式生物阿拉伯芥中發現[1][2],植物有TAS1、TAS2、TAS3與TAS4四個基因家族的基因編碼tasiRNA,這些基因轉錄產生的RNA後會被多腺苷酸化,在miRNA介導之下TAS1、TAS2與TAS4轉錄的RNA5'端會被Ago1切割,TAS3轉錄的RNA則是3'端被Ago7切割[註 1][5],接著此RNA由RNA複製酶RDR6轉為雙股RNA後,再被DCL4切割成長21nt且3'端有突出端的小雙股RNA[6][7],可與RNA誘導沉默複合體(RISC)結合以進行RNA干擾,將目標mRNA的切割移除[1]。
陸生植物有數種tasiRNA可抑制生长素应答因子(auxin response factor,ARF)的mRNA表現,其突變會造成植株發育異常[4]。
註腳
參考文獻
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