2014年8月名人相片洩露事件
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2014年8月名人相片洩露事件,又稱iCloud名人相片洩露(英語:iCloud leaks of celebrity photos),在歐美它被戲稱為「Fappening」[1][2][3][4]或者「Celebgate」(名人門),中文媒體稱之為「好萊塢艷照門」[5][6],是指2014年8月31日,約200張大多為好萊塢女性藝人的私人相片(包括裸照等不雅隱私內容)被人盜取並上傳至了貼圖網站4chan[7],有匿名人士用比特幣交換所購得的相片[8]。相片隨後被Reddit、Imgur和Tumblr使用者轉發。蘋果公司調查發現,這些私人相片的盜取者為了取得圖片,非常有針對性地攻擊了帳戶名、密碼和安全問題[9][10]。
內容與受害者
最初公布的影片和相片涉及100多人[11],包括熱門影星[12][13]。艷照遭泄後不久,一些受影響名人發表聲明,證明或否認相片的真實性[14][15]。證實私照真實性的名人有珍妮佛·勞倫斯(由發言人證實)[16]、凱特·阿普頓及其男友賈斯丁·韋蘭德(由厄普頓律師證實)[17][18][19]、瑪麗·伊莉莎白·文斯蒂德(透過Twitter證實)[20][21]、卡蕾·庫奧科(透過Twitter證實)[22][23]和克爾斯滕·鄧斯特(還批評了iCloud服務)[24][25]。吉爾·史考特透過Twitter證實遭泄的相片有一張是自己的,但另外一張是假的[26]。
否認相片真實性的名人有亞莉安娜·格蘭德[27][28]和伊馮娜·斯特拉霍夫斯基[29]。奧運體操選手麥琪拉·瑪隆妮起初在推特上否認相片的真實性[30][31],後來證實相片是合法的,自己拍下相片時尚未成年[32]。維多利亞·嘉絲蒂否認相片的真實性,但後來在Twitter上表示將採取法律行動,認為洩露不僅對自己的隱私構成巨大的侵犯,也包括所有涉事名人的隱私[27][33]。
散播
被匿名上傳至Reddit和4chan後,相片在網上迅速流傳[34]。名人八卦博主佩雷斯·希爾頓轉發相片不久後撤下,並發布道歉聲明稱做了個錯誤示範[35][36]。
事件的主要散播站點Reddit建立了部分相片的外部連結,當天就吸引75000名網友。Reddit管理員因違反網站反憑證追蹤原則而遭到譴責[37]。至於瑪隆妮未滿18歲時拍下的相片,Reddit員工為其表示失望,並警告稱,任何人轉發此前在事件中流出的《莉斯的高中生活》未成年相片,會被網站永久封禁,並面臨分發兒童色情物品的檢控[32]。
相片被公開前的幾個星期就在私底下流傳,但細節尚未清楚。有跡象表明存在未公開的相片和影片[38]。《每日郵報》引述4chan和Deadspin的匿名海報,稱駭客圈子、交易員和銷售者為了大量釋放醞釀了數月[2]。
媒體反應
作家范·巴德姆譴責洩漏相片及分享相片的網友[39]。演員莉娜·丹恩在Twitter上懇請人們不要閱覽相片,稱會褻瀆涉事女性[40]。女演員艾瑪·沃特森不僅譴責公布相片的行為,還稱社群媒體沒有同情心[41]。演員塞斯·羅根和盧卡斯·奈夫亦對發布相片的駭客和網友表示反對[42]。底特律老虎王牌投手維蘭德此前在對陣克里夫蘭印第安人比賽中,透露公開私生活的意願,寧願集中於老虎隊與堪薩斯城皇家爭奪美國聯盟中區比賽,而不讓隊友分心[43]。
相片在網上流傳後不久,《福布斯》撰文呼籲大眾不要用iCloud儲存敏感相片[44],並用另一篇文章介紹如何全面關閉iCloud[45]。
事件衍生了許多名字,包括「Fappening」(「The Happening」和「fap」混合,意為「手淫」)[46]和「Celebgate」(名人門)(取義於水門事件[47])。這個詞遭到《每日電訊報》的批評[48],認為不僅會淡化事件性質,而且為異常嚴峻的形勢施放煙霧。該報文章的標題和子標題用到了這一詞語[4]。
美國有藝術家為達到抗議谷歌整合免費功能,使得使用者資料及喜好全部被掌握,發起「恐懼谷歌」活動,更將珍妮佛·勞倫斯和凱特·阿普頓的裸照公開展示[49]。
調查
聯邦調查局表示已掌握到電腦入侵和非法高調釋放私人資料的指控[50][51]。珍妮佛·勞倫斯已聯絡警方,其公關人員表示當局會檢控洩露其相片的任何人[52]。《福布斯》專欄作家約瑟夫·斯坦伯格質疑執法機關和技術提供商的反應,指出名人與普通公民的處理方法不同,案件的執法可能不合法[44]。
蘋果表示正核查iCloud服務是否存在為相片洩漏有責任的安全漏洞,表示會「非常認真地對待使用者隱私[53]」。起初,涉及尋找我的iPhone服務的安全漏洞,允許駭客執行指令碼反覆猜測使用者密碼,直到找到正確密碼。蘋果已修復該漏洞[54]。安全專家表示,安全漏洞可能阻止雙重身分驗證啟動。「一般而言,蘋果提供這種保護有點晚,還不張揚。」安全公司FireEye的達里恩·欣德隆德威脅情報組組長表示[53]。
2014年9月2日,蘋果發布新聞稿稱「經過40多個小時的調查,發現某些被破壞的名人帳戶的使用者名稱、密碼和安全問題被非常有針對性的攻擊,這種做法在網上太常見[55][56]。」
安全專家Nik Cubrilovic表示,除了相片,簡訊、日曆、通訊錄、電話呼叫記錄及其他儲存在電話中的資料,備份至雲服務容易被盜[57][58]。
後續
這件事直到最近幕後駭客也已經曝光,由瑞恩柯林斯和曾任職過高中教師克里斯多福·布蘭南(Christopher Brannan)所犯下案行,兩人分別被美國聯邦檢查官辦公室判34個月和5年刑期。[59]
政策調整
蘋果CEO蒂姆·庫克接受《華爾街日報》採訪時表示,公司計劃採取額外措施保護使用者安全傳送電子郵件和推播通知,以防有人將iCloud資料還原至新裝置,或使用新裝置登入帳戶[60]。
參見
參考資料
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They quickly spilled to Reddit, where thousands purveyed it under the handle of 「the Fappening」 — 「fap」 means to masturbate — before the news reached Buzzfeed and the rest of the viral media gang.
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Last night, Reddit users took to a special subsection of the social networking site devoted to the leaks, called Fappening, to discuss the supposed release of a new wave of naked images.
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外部連結
- 好莱坞艳照门101人全名单曝光 名流遍布. [2014-09-07]. (原始內容存檔於2014-09-07)..新浪娛樂.(簡體中文)