奈米電子學
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奈米電子學(英語:Nanoelectronics)是指奈米科技在電子元件(特別是電晶體等)中應用。雖然普遍認為「奈米科技」是使用低於100奈米的製程水平,奈米電子學還是常用於代指特徵尺寸很小的電子元件,在這些元件中,原子間相互作用和粒子的量子力學效應不可忽略。其結果是,當前研究的一些電子元件並沒有完全滿足奈米科技的定義,不過仍然有許多尖端的元件技術能夠達到45奈米、32奈米甚至22奈米製程水平。
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奈米電子學有時被視為破壞性創新,這是因為它研究的元件產品於傳統的電晶體差異很大。目前一些研究的對象有:混合分子半導體電子學、一維奈米碳管、奈米線以及高級的分子電子學、 單原子奈米電子學 [1]。
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奈米元件中的電子輸運機制是相應電子元件研發和製造的關鍵。奈米尺度下,電子輸運可以是 擴散輸運、彈道輸運和 量子躍遷的複雜組合。根據達尼爾∙羅德於貝爾實驗室提出的羅德理論[2][3]與唐爽和崔瑟豪斯夫人於麻省理工學院提出的唐-崔瑟豪斯理論 [4][5][6][7][8],微電子元件尺度下的電子輸運機制依然能由單個電子攜帶的熵變最大值推知,而此最大值可以通過熱功率測得。
參考文獻
- ^ Achilli, Simona; Le, Nguyen H.; Fratesi, Guido; Manini, Nicola; Onida, Giovanni; Turchetti, Marco; Ferrari, Giorgio; Shinada, Takahiro; Tanii, Takashi; Prati, Enrico. Position-Controlled Functionalization of Vacancies in Silicon by Single-Ion Implanted Germanium Atoms. Advanced Functional Materials. February 2021, 31 (21): 2011175 [2022-07-10]. arXiv:2102.01390v2
. doi:10.1002/adfm.202011175. (原始內容存檔於2022-07-10).
- ^ Rode, Daniel. Electron mobility in direct-gap polar semiconductors. Physical Review B. 1970, 2: 1012. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.2.1012.
- ^ Rode, Daniel. Low-field electron transport. Semiconductors and Semimetals. 1975, 10: 1–89. doi:10.1016/S0080-8784(08)60331-2.
- ^ Tang, Shuang; Dresselhaus, Mildred. New Method to Detect the Transport Scattering Mechanisms of Graphene Carriers. 2014. arXiv:1410.4907
.
- ^ Tang, Shuang. Extracting the Energy Sensitivity of Charge Carrier Transport and Scattering. Scientific Reports. 2018, 8: 10597. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28288-y.
- ^ Xu, Dongchao. Detecting the major charge-carrier scattering mechanism in graphene antidot lattices. Carbon. 2019, 144: 601–607. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.080.
- ^ Tang, Shuang. Inferring the energy sensitivity and band gap of electronic transport in a network of carbon nanotubes. Scientific Reports. 2022, 12: 2060. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-06078-x.
- ^ Hao, Qing. Transport Property Studies of Structurally Modified Graphene (報告). Arlington, VA: Defense Technical Information Center. 2019 [2023-07-25]. (原始內容存檔於2023-06-30).
延伸閱讀
Bennett, Herbert S.; Andres, Howard; Pellegrino, Joan; Kwok, Winnie; Fabricius, Norbert; Chapin, J. Thomas. Priorities for Standards and Measurements to Accelerate Innovations in Nano-Electrotechnologies: Analysis of the NIST-Energetics-IEC TC 113 Survey (PDF). Journal of Research of the National Institutes of Standards and Technology. March–April 2009, 114 (2): 99–135. (原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2010年5月5日).
Despotuli, Alexander; Andreeva, Alexandra. A Short Review on Deep-Sub-Voltage Nanoelectronics and Related Technologies (PDF). International Journal of Nanoscience (World Scientific Publishing Co.). August–October 2009, 8 (4–5): 389–402. Bibcode:2009IJN....08..389D. doi:10.1142/S0219581X09006328.
- Online course on Fundamentals of Electronics (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) by Supriyo Datta (2008)
外部連結
- Virtual Institute of Spin Electronics
- Site on electronics of Single Walled Carbon nanotube at nanoscale - nanoelectronics (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Site on Nano Electronics and Advanced VLSI Research (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Website of the nanoelectronics unit of the European Commission, DG INFSO (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Nanoelectronics at UnderstandingNano Web site (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Nanoelectronics - PhysOrg (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)