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鱼类智力

维基百科,自由的百科全书

鱼类智力是指鱼类的大脑记忆以及处理信息的能力[1]。根据麦觉理大学的Culum Brown的说法,鱼其实很聪明,这方面超出了人们的预期。在许多领域,如记忆,它们的认知能力与包括非人类灵长类在内的高等脊椎动物旗鼓相当,甚至还能超越它们[2]

记忆

一些研究表明,鱼类可以记住一些信息,并且数月或数年之内都不会忘记[3]。例如有些个别鲤鱼被人钓上岸后再放归大自然,之后会更难被钓上岸[4][5]。这表明鱼有了惨痛回忆后,有所警觉,因此变得不那么容易被钓上岸[6]。这种学习能力在盖斑斗鱼中也所体现,它们会避开曾经遭遇掠食者的地方,并且数月之间都不会再来到此处[7]

参考文献

  1. ^ Humphreys, L.G. The construct of general intelligence. Intelligence. 1979, 3 (2): 105–120. doi:10.1016/0160-2896(79)90009-6. 
  2. ^ Brown, Culum (2004) Animal minds: Not just a pretty face页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆New scientist, 2451: 42-43.
  3. ^ Reebs, S.G. (2008) Long-term memory in fishes页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Retrieved 9 July 2014.
  4. ^ Beukema, J.J. (1970). Angling experiments with carp: decreased catchability through one trial learning. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 20: 81–92.
  5. ^ Beukema, J.J. & Vos, G.J. (1974). Experimental tests of a basic assumption of the capture-recapture method in pond populations of carp Cyprinus carpio L.. Journal of Fish Biology, 6(3): 317.
  6. ^ Raat, A.J.P. (1985). Analysis of angling vulnerability of common carp, Cyprinus carp /0 L., in catch-and-release angling in ponds. Aquaculture Research, 16(2): 171-187.
  7. ^ Czanyi, V. & Doka, A. (1993). Learning interactions between prey and predator fish. Marine Behavior and Physiology, 23: 63–78.