南汉普郡

人口密度图

南汉普郡指在英格兰东南部汉普郡南部、以朴茨茅斯市、南安普敦市为中心，及邻近的非都市行政区组成的城市群。 于2013 年，该地区的人口估计超过 150 万。 它是英格兰东南部除伦敦以外人口最多的地区。 该地区有时被称为索伦特城，特别是与地方权力下放相关的地方 ，但此名称存在争议。

地理

南安普敦 及 朴茨茅斯 是组合都市群内两大中心城市

南汉普郡组合都市位于英格兰东南部、汉普郡南部大部分地区，主要范围自西向东包括南安普敦市、伊斯特利区、费勒姆区、戈斯波特区、朴茨茅斯市及哈文特区，并分别以南安普敦及朴茨茅斯为中心，然后延伸至泰斯特河谷区、东汉普郡区、温彻斯特市、新福里斯特区，人口密度相对较低。西萨塞克斯郡的奇彻斯特区也常被纳入城市群内。 两大城市更是大伦敦地区以外，英格兰人口最稠密的地区。

History

Harold Wilson's Labour government commissioned town planner Colin Buchanan in 1965 to study the region. He found a region of growing economic importance, in desperate need of proper planning to avoid unplanned sprawl, and suggested the construction of a modernist urban area between Southampton and Portsmouth. However this was resisted by local authorities who occupied the proposed development sites, and Buchanan's plans were never put into effect.

Instead, as a result of high-tech industry and services, the area was able to grow largely without overall planning to become perhaps the most densely populated region of the UK. In the late 20th century mass manufacturing of ordinary commodities declined, leaving several town and city neighbourhoods impoverished and suffering unemployment; however by the early 21st century high income and retirement properties came to dominate some neighbourhoods, particularly close to universities, and many suburbs and exurbs. Centrally planned building programmes included large estates, connected by new road networks, for commercial and residential use by Hampshire County Council's architects, led by Colin Stansfield Smith. Otherwise development has tended to be on a case-by-case basis for retail parks, business parks and housing.

The Solent Local Enterprise Partnership (LEP) is a collaboration between local authorities, universities and businesses set up in 2011 by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Different departments of the Solent LEP are distributed across the area, with its 'Growth Hub' being based in Southampton. On 12 November 2013 the government announced the second wave of City Deals, with a successful joint bid of Southampton and Portsmouth providing £953 million of investment into the Solent LEP.

Various attempts at a South Hampshire or Solent City devolution deal have been made, but saw minor local resistance, stemming from the Southampton-Portsmouth rivalry, as well as from the more rural Isle of Wight. Whilst the proposal did otherwise see continued support, particularly from councillors, by 2018 talks with the government had stalled. More recent proposals have included southeast Dorset, that is Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole (BCP). After another bid was submitted in 2021, Gerald Vernon-Jackson claimed the government were "keen" on including BCP in a potential deal. A November 2022 report by BCP Council suggested a Central South deal as an alternative to a Pan-Hampshire deal with BCP tacked on.