邦德事件
邦德事件(英语:Bond event),又称1500年气候周期,是指北大西洋的冰筏活动,与全新世以来全球气候变化有关。目前已发生八起邦德活动,周期在1,000-1,500年之间[1][2]。
杰拉德·C·邦德通过哥伦比亚大学的拉蒙特-多尔蒂地球观测所做了一系列北大西洋岩石轨迹的研究,于1997年发表论文,认为晚更新世以来全球气候存在1470年的周期性波动[1][3]。然而此后的研究结果表明,支持此气候循环的证据不多[2]。
此外,2005年格陵兰岛冰芯数据显示[4],这种气候变化与丹斯伽阿德-厄施格尔周期没有太大关联[2][5][6]。北大西洋冰筏活动与美国靠近大西洋地区湖泊水位下降有关,和中东地区持续55,000年的干旱也有部分关联[7][8][9][10][11]。
列表
大多数邦德活动没有明显的气候变化标志,但通常伴随着气候转冷或干旱。
No. | 距今 |
年份 |
备注 |
---|---|---|---|
0 | ≈ 500 | ≈ 1500 AD | 参见小冰期[12] |
1 | ≈ 1,400 | ≈ 600 AD | 参见民族大迁徙[12] 和古典晚期小冰期 |
2 | ≈ 2,800 | ≈ 800 BC | 参见铁器时代冷期 |
3 | ≈ 4,200 | ≈ 2200 BC | 参见4.2千年事件;阿卡德帝国灭亡,埃及古王国时期结束[13][14] |
4 | ≈ 5,900 | ≈ 3900 BC | 参见5.9千年事件;撒哈拉沙漠在公元前3500–3000年间重新形成,早期青铜时代约开始于公元前3300年 |
5 | ≈ 8,200 | ≈ 6200 BC | 参见8.2千年事件 |
6 | ≈ 9,400 | ≈ 7400 BC | 挪威的冰川进行埃尔达伦活动[15],中国气候变冷[16] |
7 | ≈ 10,300 | ≈ 8300 BC | |
8 | ≈ 11,100 | ≈ 9100 BC | 新仙女木期结束,进入北方时期[17] |
对区域气候的影响
在南美洲中部安地斯山脉等偏远地区发现了邦德事件。
在热带安第斯山脉的三个冰芯记录中,已经确定了全新世早期和全新世中期期间多达六个邦德旋回。 这些记录是从萨哈马火山、瓦斯卡兰山和伊宜马尼峰的山峰中提取的。 探测到的周期为距今6,400年、距今5500年、距今3,700年、距今2,700年、距今1,300年和距今200年并表示温度下降。
参见
参考
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- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Obrochta, Stephen P.; Miyahara, Hiroko; Yokoyama, Yusuke; Crowley, Thomas J. A re-examination of evidence for the North Atlantic "1500-year cycle" at Site 609. Quaternary Science Reviews. 2012-11-08, 55: 23–33 [2022-04-09]. Bibcode:2012QSRv...55...23O. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.08.008. (原始内容存档于2022-04-07).
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- ^ Svensson, A.; Andersen, K. K.; Bigler, M.; Clausen, H. B.; Dahl-Jensen, D.; Davies, S. M.; Johnsen, S. J.; Muscheler, R.; Parrenin, F. A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology (PDF). Clim. Past. 2008-03-31, 4 (1): 47–57 [2022-04-09]. Bibcode:2008CliPa...4...47S. doi:10.5194/cp-4-47-2008 . (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2020-06-09).
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