晶杯菌科

晶杯菌科
	黄脂晶杯菌（瑞典语：Hyaloscypha aureliella）; Hyaloscypha aureliella
科学分类
界：	真菌界 Fungi
门：	子囊菌门 Ascomycota
纲：	锤舌菌纲 Leotiomycetes
目：	柔膜菌目 Helotiales
科：	晶杯菌科 Hyaloscyphaceae; Nannf.（英语：John Axel Nannfeldt） (1932)
模式属
	晶杯菌属（英语：Hyaloscypha）; Hyaloscypha; Boud.
属
	详见内文

晶杯菌科（学名：Hyaloscyphaceae）是子囊菌门锤舌菌纲柔膜菌目的一个科，于1932年由瑞典植物学家John Axel Nannfeldt（英语：John Axel Nannfeldt）发表描述。截至2008年，本科包含74个属，共933种物种^[1]，是柔膜菌目中最大的科^[2]。本科物种营养方式多为腐生^[3]，子囊盘的直径多在1毫米以下，颜色鲜艳，且边缘与下侧常有各种形状的毛^[2]。

分类

Nannfeldt建立晶杯菌科时，将本科分为Arachnopezizeae、 Hyaloscypheae与Lachneae等三个族，其中Arachnopezizeae包含子囊盘（英语：apothecium）生长于菌丝层（subiculum）之上者，Hyaloscypheae包含子囊盘较小、有各种形状的毛，且侧丝（英语：paraphyses）为圆柱形者，Lachneae则包含子囊盘相对较大、毛表面粗糙且有隔板（英语：septa）、且侧丝呈披针形者。2014年，分子种系发生学的研究结果显示晶杯菌科并非单系群，且晶杯菌科的三个族中，只有Lachneae是单系群，子囊盘上的毛，Arachnopezizeae子囊盘下方的菌丝层都被认为并非共衍征，而是多次独立演化而来。因此该研究主张晶杯菌科的分类有待改动，而暂时将晶杯菌科包含的类群范围限制在晶杯菌属（英语：Hyaloscypha）一属中^[2]。

下级分类

本科包括以下属：

Acleistia Bayl.Elliott, 1917
Aeruginoscyphus Dougoud
Ambrodiscus S.E.Carpenter, 1988
Arboricolonus S.Bien & Damm, 2020
Arbusculina Marvanová & Descals
Betulina Velen.
Brefeldochium Verkley, 2005
Candelabrum Beverw.
Cheiromycella
Höhn.
- Cheiromycella annulata Matsush.
- Cheiromycella foliicola U.Braun, Melnik & Tomosh.
- Cheiromycella indica Rajn.K.Verma, Prasher, Sushma & A.K.Gautam^[4]
- Cheiromycella jafarii R.Begum
- Cheiromycella moniliphora Matsush.
- Cheiromycella speiroides (Höhn.) Höhn.
Chimaeroscypha Raitv.
Chrysothallus Velen.
Ciliolarina Svrek, 1977
Ciliosculum Kirschstein, 1941
Cistella Quél., 1886
Clathrosphaerina Beverw.
Clavidisculum Kirschst.
Dasyscypha K.W.G.L.Fuckel, 1870
Dematioscypha Svrek, 1977
Dematioscypha Svrček
Dendrotrichoscypha Svrek, 1977
Didonia Velen.
Dimorphotricha B.M.Spooner, 1987
Discocistella Svrček
Echinula Graddon
Eupezizella Höhn.
Fuscoscypha Svrek, 1987
Goidanichiella G.L.Barron ex W.Gams
Graddonidiscus Raitv. & R.Galán
Grahamiella Spooner
Hamatocanthoscypha Svrek, 1977
Haplographium Berk. & Broome
Hegermila Raitviir, 1995
Heliscella Marvanová, 1980
Helotiopsis
Hyalopeziza Fuckel
晶杯菌属 Hyaloscypha Boud.
Hyalotricha Dennis
Hyphopeziza J.G.Han, Hosoya & H.D.Shin
Incrupila Raitv.
Incrupilella Svrek, 1986
Lacnellula P.A.Karsten
Meliniomyces Hambl. & Sigler
Mimicoscypha T.Kosonen, Huhtinen & K.Hansen
Mollisina Höhn.
Mycoarthris Marvanová & P.J.Fisher
Olla Velen.
Otwaya G.Beaton, 1978
Parorbiliopsis Spooner & Dennis
Pezizella P.Karst., 1873
Phialea (Fr.) Gillet
Phialoscypha Raitv.
Pilatia Velen.
Polaroscyphus Huhtinen, 1987
Polydesmia Boud.
Proliferodiscus Bien & Damm, 2020
Proprioscypha Spooner, 1987
Protounguicularia Raitv. & R.Galán
Pseudaegerita J.L.Crane & Schokn.
Pseudoolla
Psilocistella Svrček, 1977
Pubigera Baral, Gminder & Svrček
Remleria Raitv.
Resinoscypha T.Kosonen, Huhtinen & K.Hansen
Rhizoscyphus W.Y.Zhuang & Korf, 2004
Rommelaarsia Baral & Haelew., 2015
Roseodiscus Baral
Scutoscypha Graddon
Thindiomyces W.-R.Arendholz & R.Sharma, 1983
Truncicola Velen.
Unguicularia Höhn.
Unguiculariella K.S.Thind & R.Sharma, 1990
Unguiculella Höhn.
Urceolella Boud.

参考资料

^ P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon, D.W. Minter, J.A. Stalpers. Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edn.). CABI Publishing. 2008.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Jae-Gu Han, Tsuyoshi Hosoya, Gi-Ho Sung, Hyeon-Dong Shin. Phylogenetic reassessment of Hyaloscyphaceae sensu lato (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) based on multigene analyses 118 (2). Fungal Biology: 150-167. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.11.004.
^ Cannon PF, Kirk PM. Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CABI. 2007: 162–63. ISBN 0-85199-827-5.
^ R. K. Verma,I. B. Prasher,Sushma．Cheiromycella indica sp. nov. and new records of microfungi from North-Western India[J]．Vegetos: an international journal of plant research,2021,34(2)

[1] P.M. Kirk, P.F. Cannon, D.W. Minter, J.A. Stalpers. Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edn.). CABI Publishing. 2008.

[Han-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Jae-Gu Han, Tsuyoshi Hosoya, Gi-Ho Sung, Hyeon-Dong Shin. Phylogenetic reassessment of Hyaloscyphaceae sensu lato (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) based on multigene analyses 118 (2). Fungal Biology: 150-167. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.11.004.

[3] Cannon PF, Kirk PM. Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CABI. 2007: 162–63. ISBN 0-85199-827-5.

[4] R. K. Verma,I. B. Prasher,Sushma．Cheiromycella indica sp. nov. and new records of microfungi from North-Western India[J]．Vegetos: an international journal of plant research,2021,34(2)

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