用戶:Leiem/百科全書條目專題/化學物質百科圖片計劃
< User:Leiem | 百科全书条目专题
表格中物質已有實物圖片的用「√」表示,需要更多圖片的用「(√)」表示。
有機物參見User:Leiem/百科全書條目專題/化學物質百科圖片計劃 (有機物)。
IA、IIA、IIIA、氨衍生物
常見化合物
F− | Cl− | Br− | I− | ClO− 4 |
O | OH− | S2− | SO2− 4 |
NO− 3 |
CO2− 3 |
CH 3COO− | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Li | (√) | √ | × | × | × | (√) | √ | × | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Na | √ | √ | √ | √ | × | (√) Na2O2 (×) |
√ | √ | √ NaHSO4 √ |
√ | √ NaHCO3 √ |
√ |
K | × | √ | √ | √ | √ | × | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ KHCO3 √ |
× |
Rb | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Cs | √ | √ | × CsBr3 √ |
(×) | √ | × | √ | × | × | (√) | √ | × |
Be | × | × | × | × | × | √ | (√) | × | √ | × | × | × |
Mg | √ | √ | √ | × | √ | √ | √ | × | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Ca | √ | √ | × | × | × | √ CaO2 √ |
√ | × | √ | √ | √ | (√) |
Sr | × | √ | × | × | × | √ | × | × | × | √ | √ | × |
Ba | × | √ | × | × | × | √ BaO2 √ |
× | √ | √ | √ | √ | × |
B | × | × | × | × | NA | √ | H3BO3 √ | × | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Al | × | √ | (√) | √ | × | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | NA | × |
Ga | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
In | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | √ |
Tl | × | (×) | × | × | × | × | × | × | Tl2SO4 (√) | × | × | × |
NH4 | √ | √ | × | (√) | √ | NA | 下文 | × | √ NH4HSO4 √ |
√ | √ NH4HCO3 √ |
√ |
N2H5 | × | N2H5Cl × N2H6Cl2 √ |
N2H5Br × N2H6Br2 √ |
× | × | NA | 下文 | × | × | × | ? | ? |
NMe4 | × | √ | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
NBu4 | × | × | √ | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
其它化合物
(氯的含氧酸鹽不包含高氯酸鹽)
ClO− n |
IO− n(Br) |
EO− n |
E− n |
CN− |
ECN− |
H/EH | RCOO− | RO− | 其它(主族) | O(過渡) | X(過渡) | CN(過渡) | 其它(過渡) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Li | × | × | × | Li3N × | × | LiSCN × | LiH × LiAlH4 √ LiBH4 √ |
HCOOLi × Li2C2O4 × |
CH3OLi √ EtOLi × |
Li(nap) √ nC4H9Li (√) |
Li2IrO3 √ LiNbO3 √ Li2CrO4 × Li2Cr2O7 × |
× | × | × |
Na | NaOCl(aq) √ NaClO2 √ NaClO3 √ |
NaBrO3 √ NaIO3 × Na5IO6 √ NaIO4 × |
NaAlO2 √ Na2SiO3 (√) NaNO2 √ NaH2PO2 √ Na3PO4 √ Na2HPO4 √ NaH2PO4 √ Na4P2O7 × NaAsO2 × NaBiO3 √ Na2SO3 √ NaHSO3 × Na2S2O5 √ Na2S2O3 √ Na2S2O8 √ Na2SeO3 × Na2SeO4 × Na2TeO3 × Na2TeO4 (×) |
NaN3 √ | NaCN √ | NaSCN √ | NaH (√) NaBH4 √ |
HCOONa √ PhCOONa √ Na2C2O4 √ |
NaOMe √ NaOEt √ NaOtBu √ |
× | Na2CrO4 √ Na2Cr2O7 √ Na2MoO4 √ Na2WO4 √ NaMnO4 √ |
Na3IrCl6 √ Na2PtCl6 × |
Na4Fe(CN)6 × Na3Fe(CN)6 × Na2Fe(CN)5(NO) √ |
× |
K | KClO3 √ | KIO3 √ KIO4 √ KBrO3 √ |
KNO2 √ K3PO4 √ K2HPO4 √ KH2PO4 × K2S2O5 √ K2S2O8 √ K2SeO3 × K2SeO4 × K2TeO3 × K2H2Sb2O7 (√) |
KN3 × | KCN √ | KSCN √ KOCN × KSeCN × |
KH × KBH4 × |
HCOOK × PhCOOK √ K3(cit) × K2C2O4 × |
MeOK √ EtOK × |
KICl4 √ | K3VO4 × K2CrO4 √ K2Cr2O7 √ K2MnO4 √ KMnO4 √ K2FeO4(aq) √ |
KCrO3Cl √ K2ZrF6 √ K2PtCl4 √ K2PtCl6 √ |
K3Fe(CN)6 √ K4Fe(CN)6 √ K3Cr(CN)6 √ K3Co(CN)6 √ K2Ni(CN)4 |
K3[Co(NO2)6] √ |
Rb | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | Rb(pic) √ | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Cs | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | Cs3[Bi2I9] √ CsCl2Br √ |
CsMnO4 √ | Cs[AuCl4] √ | × | × |
Be | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Mg | × | × | Mg(BO2)2 √ MgSiO3 √ Mg3(PO4)2 √ MgHPO4 × |
MgB2 √ Mg2Si √ |
× | Mg(SCN)2 × | MgH2 × | (HCOO)2Mg × MgC2O4 × Mg3(cit)2 √ |
× | × | MgCrO4 × MgCr2O7 × |
× | × | × |
Ca | Ca(ClO)2 × Ca(ClO2)2 × Ca(ClO3)2 × |
Ca(BrO3)2 × Ca(IO3)2 × |
Ca(NO2)2 × CaHPO4 √ Ca3(PO4)2 (×) Ca3(AsO4)2 √ |
CaC2 √ | × | Ca(SCN)2 × | × | Ca(HCOO)2 (√) CaC2O4 (×) |
Ca(OMe)2 × Ca(OEt)2 × |
× | Ca(MnO4)2 (×) | × | × | × |
Sr | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | SrTiO3 √ | × | × | × |
Ba | Ba(ClO3)2 √ | × | × | Ba(N3)2 √ | × | × | × | × | × | × | BaFe2O4 √ BaTiO3 √ |
× | × | × |
B | NA | NA | BPO4 × BAsO4 × |
B4C √ BN √ |
NA | NA | × | ? | (MeO)3B (R) (EtO)3B (R) |
(Et3NH)2 B12H12 √ HBF4 × |
NA | NA | NA | × |
Al | × | × | AlPO4 √ | AlN √ | × | × | × | × | × | Al(acac)3 √ | × | × | × | × |
Ga | × | × | × | GaN √ Ga2Se3 √ GaAs √ |
× | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
In | × | × | × | InP √ InAs √ InSb √ |
× | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Tl | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
NH4 | × | × | NH4H2PO4 √ (NH4)3PO4 × (NH4)2S2O8 √ |
× | × | NH4SCN (√) | NA | (NH4)3(cit) √ (NH4)2C2O4 √ |
NA | × | NH4VO3 √ (NH4)2CrO4 √ (NH4)2Cr2O7 √ (NH4)6W7O24 √ NH4ReO4 (√) (NH4)2U2O7 √ |
(NH4)2SiF6 × NH4BF4 √ (NH4)2PtCl6 × |
× | NH4[Cr(NCS)4 (NH3)2] √ |
IVA、VA、VIA、VIIA
常見化合物
F− | Cl− | Br− | I− | H | O | OH− | S2− | SO2− 4 |
NO− 3 |
CH 3COO− | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | CF4 × | CCl4 √ | CBr4 × | CI4 × | CH4 × | CO (R) CO2(g) √ CO2(l) (×) CO2(s) √ CO2(sc) √ |
H2CO3(aq) × | CS2 (R) | NA | NA | NA |
Si | SiF4 × | SiCl4 × | SiBr4 × | SiI4 × | (R) | SiO √ SiO2 √ |
H2SiO3 √ | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Ge | GeF4 × | GeCl4 × | GeBr4 × | GeI4 × | × | GeO2 √ | × | × | × | ? | ? |
Sn | SnF2 × SnF4 × |
SnCl2 √ SnCl4(anh) √ SnCl4·5H2O √ |
SnBr2 × SnBr4 × |
SnI2 × SnI4 √ |
× | SnO (√) Sn2O3 √ SnO2 √ |
× | SnS × SnS2 × |
SnSO4 (√) Sn(SO4)2 × |
Sn(NO3)2(aq) × | × |
Pb | PbF2 √ PbF4 × |
√ | √ | √ | × | PbO(yellow) √ PbO(red) √ Pb3O4 √ PbO2 √ |
√ | √ | √ | √ | PbAc2 √ PbAc4 × |
N | × | √ | × | "NI3" (×) | NH3(l) × N2H4 × |
NH3·H2O(aq) (√) N2H4·H2O √ NH2OH × HNO2(aq) √ HNO3(conc) √ HNO3(fuming) √ 王水 √ |
N2O(g) √ NO × N2O3(l) √ NO2 √ N2O4 √ N2O5 × |
× | NA | NA | NA |
P | PF5 × PF3 × |
PCl3 √ POCl3 × PCl5 √ |
PBr3 × POBr3 × PBr5 (√) |
× | × | P2O3 × P2O5 √ |
H3PO2 × H3PO3 × H3PO4 (×) H4P2O7 × |
P4S3 √ P2S5 √ |
NA | NA | NA |
As | AsF5 × AsF3 × |
AsCl5 × AsCl3 × |
× | × | × | As2O3 √ As2O5 × |
H3AsO3(aq) × H3AsO4(aq) × |
As2S3 (√) As4S4 × |
NA | NA | NA |
Sb | SbF5 (√) SbF3 √ |
SbCl5 √ SbCl3 √ SbOCl √ |
× | × | (R) | Sb2O3 √ Sb2O5 × |
× | Sb2S3 √ | × | × | × |
Bi | × | √ | √ | √ | × | Bi2O3 √ | √ | √ | × | √ | × |
O | OF2 × O2F2 × |
下文 | 下文 | 下文 | H2O √ H2O2(30%) √ |
NA | 上文 | 下文 | NA | NA | NA |
S | SF6 × | SCl2 × S2Cl2 × SO2Cl2 √ SOCl2 √ |
S2Br2 √ | × | H2S (R) | SO2(aq) √ SO3(cr) √ |
H2SO4(conc) √ H2SO4(fuming) √ |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
Se | SeF6 × SeF4 × |
SeCl4 × Se2Cl2 × SeOCl2 × |
× | ? | × | SeO2 (√) SeO3 × |
H2SeO3 × H2SeO4(aq) × |
× | NA | NA | NA |
Te | TeF6 × TeF4 × |
TeCl4 × | × | ? | × | TeO2 √ TeO3 × |
H6TeO6 × | ? | NA | NA | NA |
F | NA | 下文 | 下文 | 下文 | HF(aq) (√) HF(l) × |
上文 | HOF × | 上文 | NA | NA | NA |
Cl | ClF5 × ClF3 × |
NA | 下文 | 下文 | HCl(conc) √ | Cl2O × ClO2(g) √ ClO2(aq) √ |
HOCl × HClO4(conc) √ |
上文 | NA | NA | NA |
Br | BrF5 × BrF3 × |
BrCl(g) √ BrCl(l) × |
NA | 下文 | HBr × | × | HOBr × | 上文 | NA | NA | NA |
I | IF7 × IF5 × |
ICl(g) √ ICl(l) √ ICl(s) × ICl3 √ |
IBr × | NA | HI (R) | I2O5 √ | HIO3 × HIO4·2H2O √ |
? | NA | NA | × |
其它化合物
(不包括只含C、H、O、N、鹵素中一種或多種的有機物)
無機(主族) | 無機(過渡) | 有機鹽 | 有機 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
C | C3N4(graphitic) √ CNBr √ |
NA | 下文 | 下文 |
Si | SiC √ Si3N4 √ H2SiF6 × |
NA | × | × |
Ge | GeSe √ | × | × | × |
Sn | SnSiO3 √ | × | × | × |
Pb | Pb(N3)2 √ PbCrO4 √ PbO·PbCrO4 √ |
CH3NH3PbBr3 √ CH3NH3PbI3 √ Pb(C4H4O6) √ |
× | |
N | 上文/下文 Bu4NPF6 √ |
NA | ? | 下文 |
P | P2Se5 × PSCl3 × HPF6(aq) × |
NA | (BuO)3P(O) × | (C6H5)3P √ |
As | × | NA | × | × |
Sb | Sb2Se3 × | × | × | × |
Bi | Bi2Te3 √ | × | C7H5BiO6 √ | × |
F | NA | NA | × | 下文 |
Cl | NA | NA | × | 下文 |
Br | × | NA | × | 下文 |
I | × | NA | × | 下文 |
第一過渡系元素
常見化合物
(鈧除外)
F− | Cl− | Br− | I− | ClO− 4 |
O | OH− | S2− | SO2− 4 |
NO− 3 |
CO2− 3 |
CH 3COO− |
acac− | K+CN− | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ti | TiF3 × TiF4 × |
TiCl3(aq) √ TiCl4(l) √ TiCl4(cr) √ |
TiBr4 × | TiI4 × | × | TiO2 √ | × | TiS2 × | × | ? | ? | ? | × | NA |
V | VF4 × | VCl2(aq) √ VCl4 × VOCl3 √ |
× | × | × | V2O3 (×) VO2 √ V2O5 √ |
× | × | VOSO4 √ | × | × | × | VO(acac)2 √ | ? |
Cr | CrF3 × | CrCl2(aq) √ CrCl3(anh) √ CrCl3·6H2O √ CrO2Cl2 √ |
CrBr3 √ | × | × | Cr2O3 √ CrO2 (√) CrO3 √ |
× | × | Cr2(SO4)3 √ | Cr(NO3)3 (√) | CrCO3 × | CrAc2(aq) √ CrAc2(S) × CrAc3 × |
Cr(acac)3 √ | K3[Cr(CN)6] √ |
Mn | MnF2 √ | MnCl2(anh) √ MnCl2·4H2O √ |
√ | × | × | MnO (×) MnO2 √ Mn2O7 √ |
× | (√) | √ | √ | (√) | × | Mn(acac)3 √ | ? |
Fe | FeF3 √ | FeCl2(anh) √ FeCl2·4H2O √ FeCl3(anh) √ FeCl3·6H2O √ |
× | × | × | FeO √ Fe2O3 √ Fe3O4 √ |
Fe(OH)2 (×) "Fe(OH)3" √ |
FeS √ FeS2 × |
FeSO4 √ Fe2(SO4)3 √ |
Fe(NO3)2(aq) × Fe(NO3)3·9H2O √ |
√ | × | Fe(acac)2 √ Fe(acac)3 √ |
K4[Fe(CN)6] √ K3[Fe(CN)6] √ |
Co | CoF3 × CoF2 √ |
CoCl2(anh) √ CoCl2·6H2O √ |
× | × | √ | Co3O4 √ Co2O3 (√) |
Co(OH)2 (√) | √ | CoSO4 √ | √ | CoCO3 √ CoCO3(basic) √ |
CoAc2(anh) √ CoAc2·4H2O √ |
Co(acac)2 √ Co(acac)3 √ |
K3[Co(CN)6] √ |
Ni | √ | NiCl2(anh) √ NiCl2·6H2O √ |
√ | √ | √ | NiO √ Ni2O3 √ |
Ni(OH)2 √ | × | NiSO4(anh) √ NiSO4·6H2O √ NiSO4·7H2O × |
√ | NiCO3 √ NiCO3(basic) √ |
√ | Ni(acac)2(anh) √ | K2[Ni(CN)4] √ |
Cu | √ | CuCl √ CuCl2(anh) √ CuCl2·2H2O √ |
CuBr √ CuBr2 √ |
√ | √ | Cu2O √ CuO √ |
CuOH × Cu(OH)2 √ |
CuS √ | CuSO4(anh) √ CuSO4·5H2O √ |
Cu(NO3)2·3H2O √ | Cu2(OH)2CO3 √ | CuAc2(anh) √ CuAc2(hydrate) √ |
Cu(acac)2 √ | × |
Zn | √ | √ | √ | × | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | × | × |
其它化合物
(復鹽不包括,見下文)
XO− n |
EO− n |
E− n(H) |
(E)CN− |
RCOO− | RO− | 其它(主族) | O(過渡) | X/CN(過渡) | 其它(過渡) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ti | × | × | TiN √ TiC × TiH2 √ |
× | × | Ti(OiPr)3 √ | Cp2TiCl2 √ | × | × | × |
V | × | × | × | × | VOC2O4(aq) √ | × | × | × | × | × |
Cr | × | CrPO4 √ | Cr3C2 √ | × | × | × | (C6H6)2Cr √ | × | × | × |
Mn | × | × | × | × | × | × | Mn(CO)5Br √ | × | Mn2[Fe(CN)6] (√) Mn3[Fe(CN)6]2 (√) |
× |
Fe | × | FePO4 √ Fe3(PO4)2(√) |
Fe(NCS)3(aq) (×) | × | FeC2O4 √ | × | Fe(CO)5 √ Fe2(CO)9 √ FeCp2 √ [Cp2Fe]PF6 √ AcCpFeCp √ Fe(NO)[S2CN(C2H5)2]2 √ Fe2(SMe)2(CO)6 √ |
× | Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2 √ | × |
Co | × | "CoB2O4" (√) CoSiO3 √ Co3(PO4)2 √ |
× | Co(SCN)2(solv) (√) | × | × | HCCo3(CO)9 √ Co(BF4)2 √ [Co(NH3)5(NO2)]Cl2 √ Co(dmgH)2(Py)Cl √ VB12(OH) √ VB12(CH3) √ VB12(CN)(aq) √ [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 √ [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 √ [CoCl2(en)]Cl √ |
× | × | Co[Hg(SCN)4] √ |
Ni | × | Ni3(PO4)2 √ | NiAs √ NiSb √ |
Ni(CN)2 (√) | × | × | NiCp2 √ [Ni(N2H4)3](NO3)2 √ [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 √ [Ni(NH3)6]Br2 √ [Ni(en)3]Cl2 √ [Ni(en)3]SO4 √ Ni(dmg)2 √ (Et4N)2Ni(mnt)2 √ (Et4N)2NiCl4 (√) |
NiCrO4 (√) | Ni2[Fe(CN)6] (√) Ni3[Fe(CN)6]2(√) |
× |
Cu | × | "Cu(BO2)2" (√) Cu3(PO4)2 √ CuSiO3 √ |
CuH √ Cu(N3)2 √ Cu2C2 √ |
CuCN × | Cu(HCOO)2 √ Cu(gly)2 √ Cu(PhCOO)2 √ Cu(asprin)2 √ |
× | [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 √ [Cu(NH3)2](N3)2 √ [Cu(NH3)4](NO3)2 √ [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2(aq) √ |
2CuO·CuCrO4 √ | Cu2HgI4 √ | × |
Zn | × | Zn(BO2)2 (×) Zn3(PO4)2 √ ZnSiO3 √ |
ZnSe √ ZnTe √ Zn3P2 × |
Zn(CN)2 × | × | × | Zn(N(SiMe3)2)2 √ | × | × | × |
第二、第三過渡系元素
(釔、鑭系除外)
常見化合物
F− | Cl− | Br− | I− | O/OH− | S2− | SO2− 4 |
NO− 3 |
CH 3COO− | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zr | × | ZrCl4 (√) ZrOCl2 √ |
× | × | ZrO2 √ | × | × | √ | × |
Nb | × | MoCl5(s) √ MoCl5(l) √ |
× | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Mo | × | × | × | × | MoO3(s) √ MoO3(cr) √ |
MoS2 √ | NA | NA | NA |
Tc | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Ru | × | √ | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Rh | × | RhCl3·3H2O √ | × | × | × | × | × | × | Rh2Ac4 √ |
Pd | × | √ | × | × | × | × | × | × | √ |
Ag | AgF (√) AgF2 × |
√ | √ | √ | Ag2O √ AgOH × AgO × |
√ | √ | √ | × |
Cd | × | √ | √ | √ | CdO √ Cd(OH)2 √ |
CdS(yellow) √ CdS(orange) √ |
√ | √ | √ |
Hf | × | × | × | × | HfO2 (√) | HfS2 (√) | × | × | × |
Ta | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
W | × | × | × | × | WO2 × WO3 √ "H2WO4" √ |
WS2 (√) | ? | NA | ? |
Re | × | × | × | × | ReO3 √ Re2O7 × |
× | ? | ? | ? |
Os | × | × | × | × | OsO2 × OsO4 √ |
× | ? | ? | ? |
Ir | × | IrCl3 × H3IrCl6 × |
× | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Pt | PtF4 × | PtCl2 √ PtCl4 × H2PtCl6 √ |
PtBr4 × | PtI4 × | × | × | ? | ? | ? |
Au | AuF3 × | AuCl × AuCl3(aq) √ AuCl3(s) × HAuCl4 √ |
AuBr3 × | AuI × | Au2O3 × | × | ? | NA | ? |
Hg | HgF2 × | Hg2Cl2 (√) HgCl2 √ |
Hg2Br2 (√) HgBr2 √ |
Hg2I2 × HgI2(yellow) √ HgI2(red) √ |
HgO(red) √ HgO(yellow) (√) |
HgS(red) √ HgS(black) × |
Hg2SO4 × HgSO4 (√) |
Hg2(NO3)2 (√) Hg(NO3)2 √ |
HgAc2 × |
其它化合物
EO− n |
E− n(H) |
RCOO−/RO− | 其它(主族) | 其它(過渡) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zr | × | ZrC √ | × | × | × |
Nb | × | × | × | × | × |
Mo | × | MoTe2 √ | × | KxMoO3 √ Mo-blue √ Mo(CO)6 √ H3Mo12O40P √ |
× |
Tc | × | × | × | × | × |
Ru | × | × | × | nPr4NRuO4 (√) (NH4)3RuCl6(aq) (√) Ru3(CO)12 √ (cymene)RuCl2 √ [Ru(bipy)3]Cl2 √ Shov cat. √ [RuCl2(DMSO)4] √ |
× |
Rh | × | × | × | RhCl(PPh3)3 √ Cp*RhCl2 √ |
× |
Pd | × | × | × | PdCl2(cod) √ PdCl2(PhCN)2 √ PdCl2(PPh3)2 √ Pd4(CO)4(OAc)4Pd(acac)2 √ Pd2(dba)3 √ Pd(PPh3)4 (√) |
× |
Ag | Ag2SiO3 (√) Ag3PO4 (√) |
Ag2C2 √ | × | Ag(py)4S2O8 √ AgCNO √ Ag2HgI4 √ Ag3[Fe(CN)6] √ Ag4[Fe(CN)6] √ Ag3[Co(CN)6] √ |
× |
Cd | × | CdSe √ CdTe √ Cd3As2 √ |
× | × | × |
Hf | × | × | × | × | × |
Ta | × | TaC √ | × | × | × |
W | × | WC √ WTe2 √ |
× | H2WO4 √ W(CO)6 √ H3O40PW12 √ H4O40SiW12 √ |
× |
Re | × | ReB2 √ | × | Re2(CO)10 √ | × |
Os | × | × | × | × | × |
Ir | × | × | × | × | × |
Pt | × | × | × | H2PtCl6 √ | × |
Au | × | × | × | HAuCl4 √ | × |
Hg | × | × | × | Hg(CNO)2 √ | × |
IIIB
常見化合物
(Pm, Ac, Pa, Np, Am及之後元素除外)
F− | Cl− | Br− | I− | O | OH− | SO2− 4 |
NO− 3 |
CH 3COO− | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sc | × | √ | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Y | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | √ | √ |
La | × | × | × | × | √ | × | × | √ | √ |
Ce | × | CeCl3(anh) √ CeCl3·7H2O √ |
× | × | Ce2O3 × CeO2 √ |
× | Ce2(SO4)3 × Ce(SO4)2 √ |
Ce(NO3)3 √ Ce(NO3)4(aq) × |
CeAc3 √ |
Pr | × | PrCl3(anh) √ PrCl3·7H2O √ |
× | × | √ Pr6O11 × |
× | √ | √ | √ |
Nd | × | NdCl3(fl) √ NdCl3 √ |
× | × | √ | × | √ | √ | √ |
Sm | × | √ | × | SmI2 × SmI3 × |
√ | × | (√) | √ | √ |
Eu | × | √ | × | × | √ | × | EuSO4 × Eu2(SO4)3(fl) √ Eu2(SO4)3 √ |
Eu(NO3)3(fl) √ Eu(NO3)3 √ |
√ |
Gd | × | √ | × | × | √ | × | × | √ | √ |
Tb | × | √ | × | × | × Tb4O7 √ |
× | Tb2(SO4)3(fl) √ Tb2(SO4)3 √ |
Tb(NO3)3(fl) √ Tb(NO3)3 √ |
√ |
Dy | × | √ | × | × | √ | √ | (√) | √ | √ |
Ho | × | × | × | × | Ho2O3(pink) √ Ho2O3(yellow) √ |
× | × | √ | √ |
Er | × | √ | × | × | √ | × | × | √ | √ |
Tm | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | √ | √ |
Yb | × | √ | × | × | √ | √ | × | √ | √ |
Lu | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | √ | √ |
Th | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | (√) | × |
U | UF4 √ UF6 √ |
UCl3 × UCl4 √ |
× | × | UO2 × U3O8 √ UO3 √ |
UO3·2H2O √ | × | UO2(NO3)2(fl) √ UO2(NO3)2 √ |
UO2(Ac)2 √ |
Pu | × | × | × | × | × | √ | × | × | × |
其它化合物
其它(主族) | 其它(過渡) | |
---|---|---|
Sc | × | × |
Y | YB66 √ | YBa2Cu3O7 √ |
La | LaB6 √ | × |
Ce | Ce2(CO3)3 √ Ce2(C2O4)3 √ |
Ce2Zr2O7 (√) |
Pr | × | × |
Nd | × | NdFeB √ |
Sm | × | × |
Eu | × | × |
Gd | × | × |
Tb | × | × |
Dy | × | × |
Ho | × | × |
Er | × | × |
Tm | × | × |
Yb | × | × |
Lu | × | × |
Th | × | × |
U | UO2CO3 √ | × |
單質
- 包含單質及其同素異形體、單質的溶液、合金
主族金屬
標準狀態 | 非標準狀態 | 溶液或合金 | 其它 | 反應 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Li | Li(s) √ Li(s,oxidized) √ |
Li(liquid NH3) √ | Li+(flame test) √ | Li+O2 √ | |
Na | Na(s) √ Na(s, oxidized) √ |
Na+(flame) √ Na+(flame, Co) √ |
Na+O2 √ Na+H2O √ | ||
K | K(s) √ K(s, oxidized) √ |
K+(flame) √ | K+H2O √ | ||
Rb | Rb √ | Rb+(flame) √ | |||
Cs | Cs √ | Cs+(flame) √ | |||
Be | Be(s) √ | Be-Cu √ | |||
Mg | Mg(s) √ | Mg+O2 √ | |||
Ca | Ca(s) √ | Ca2+(flame) √ | Ca+H2O √ Ca+O2 √ | ||
Sr | Sr(s) √ | Sr2+(flame) √ | Sr+O2 √ | ||
Ba | Ba(unoxidized) × Ba(oxidized) √ |
Ba2+(flame) (√) | |||
Al | Al(s) √ | Al+Fe2O3 √ | |||
Ga | Ga(s) √ | Ga(l) √ | Ga+H2SO4(20%) (√) | ||
In | In(s) √ | In(l) (√) | |||
Tl | Tl(s) √ Tl(oxidized) √ |
||||
Ge | Ge(s) √ | ||||
Sn | Sn(α) √ Sn(β) √ |
||||
Pb | Pb(s) √ | Pb2+(flame) √ | |||
Sb | Sb(s) √ | Sb3+(flame) √ | |||
Bi | Bi(s) √ Bi(cr., oxidized) √ |
主族非金屬及稀有氣體
標準狀態 | 非標準狀態 | 溶液或合金 | 其它 | 反應 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
H | H2(g) (√) | H2(discharge) √ D2(discharge) √ T2(lum) √ |
H2+O2 √ | ||
B | B(cr) √ | B(brown) √ B3+(flame test) √ |
|||
C | C(graphite) √ C(glassy) √ C(nanotube) √ C(fibre) √ Diamond √ |
C60(benzene) √ C60(HyFn) √ C60(H2O) √ |
C(activated) √ Coal √ |
||
Si | Si(cr) √ | ||||
N | N2(g) (√) | N2(l) √ | N2(discharge) √ | ||
P | P(白) √ P(紅) √ P(黑) √ P(紫) √ |
P4(CS2) × | P+air √ P+O2 √ P4(CS2)+O2 √ | ||
As | As(s) √ | As(flame test) √ | As+O2 √ | ||
O | O2(g) (×)O3(g) × | O2(l) √ | O3(CH2Cl2) √ | ||
S | S8(cr) √ | S(低溫) √ S(l) √ S(g) √ |
S(CS2) × | S+air √ S+O2 √ | |
Se | Se(黑) √ Se(灰) √ Se(紅) √ |
||||
Te | Te(cr) √ | Te+H2SO4(conc) √ | |||
F | F2(g) (√) | F2(l) √ | |||
Cl | Cl2(g) √ | Cl2(l) √ Cl2(s) √ |
Cl2(CCl4) √ | ||
Br | Br2(l) √ Br2(g) √ |
Br2(S) × | Br2(H2O) (√) Br2(CCl4) √ |
Br2+C6H12 √ | |
I | I2(S) √ | I2(l) √ I2(g) √ |
I2(CCl4) √ | ||
He | He(g) √ | He(l) √ | He(discharge) √ | ||
Ne | Ne(g) × | Ne(discharge) √ | |||
Ar | Ar(g) × | Ar(l) √ | Ar(discharge) √ | ||
Kr | Kr(g) × | Kr(discharge) √ | |||
Xe | Xe(g) √ | Xe(l) √ | Xe(discharge) √ |
鈧、釔、鑭系
標準狀態 | 非標準狀態 | 溶液或合金 | 其它 | 反應 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sc | Sc(s) √ | ||||
Y | Y(s) √ | ||||
La | La(s) √ | ||||
Ce | Ce(s) √ | CeFe √ | |||
Pr | Pr(s) √ | ||||
Nd | Nd(s) √ | ||||
Sm | Sm(s) √ | ||||
Eu | Eu(s) √ Eu(oxidized) √ |
||||
Gd | Gd(s) √ | ||||
Tb | Eu(s) √ | ||||
Dy | Dy(s) √ | ||||
Ho | Ho(s) √ | ||||
Er | Er(s) √ | ||||
Tm | Tm(s) √ | ||||
Yb | Yb(s) √ | ||||
Lu | Lu(s) √ |
鈦分族至錳分族
標準狀態 | 非標準狀態 | 溶液或合金 | 其它 | 反應 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ti | Ti(s) √ | NiTi √ | |||
Zr | Zr(s) √ | ||||
Hf | Hf(s) √ Hf(oxidized) √ |
||||
V | V(s) √ | VFe √ | |||
Nb | Nb(s) √ Nb(oxidized) √ |
||||
Ta | Ta(s) √ Ta(oxidized) (√) |
Ta(l) √ | |||
Cr | Cr(s) √ | ||||
Mo | Mo(s) √ | Mo(flame test) √? | |||
W | W(s) √ | W(glow) √ | W+O2 × | ||
Mn | Mn(s) √ | ||||
Re | Re(s) √ |
鐵系、鉑系、銅族、鋅族
標準狀態 | 非標準狀態 | 溶液或合金 | 其它 | 反應 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fe | Fe(s) √ | Fe(l) √ | 鋼 √ FeCr √ FeMn √ FeCrAl √ FeP √ FeSi √ |
Fe+O2 √ | |
Co | Co(s) √ | ||||
Ni | Ni(s) √ | Ni0.8Fe0.2 √ NiAl √ |
|||
Ru | Ru(s) √ | ||||
Rh | Rh(s) √ | ||||
Pd | Pd(s) √ | ||||
Os | Os(s) √ | ||||
Ir | Ir(s) √ | ||||
Pt | Pt(s) √ | Pt+王水 √ | |||
Cu | Cu(s) √ | Cu(l) √ | CuGe √ CuMo √ |
Cu2+(flame test) √ | Cu+AgNO3 √ |
Ag | Ag(s) √ | Ag(Hg) √ | |||
Au | Au(s) √ | Au(colloidal) √ | Au+王水 √ | ||
Zn | Zn(s) √ | Zn+HCl √ Zn+S √ | |||
Cd | Cd(s) √ | ||||
Hg | Hg(l) √ | NH4(Hg) R Pt-Au(Hg) √ |
Hg(discharge) √ |
放射性元素
標準狀態 | 非標準狀態 | 溶液或合金 | 其它 | 反應 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ra | Ra-266 √ | Ra2+(lum) √ | |||
Tc | |||||
Pm | |||||
Ac | |||||
Th | Th √ | ||||
Pa | Pa-233 √ | ||||
U | U √ | U glass √ | |||
Np | Np √ | ||||
Pu | Pu √ | ||||
Am | Am √ | ||||
Cm | |||||
Bk | Bk √ | ||||
Cf | Cf √ | ||||
Es | Es √ | ||||
Fm | Fm(trace)-Yb √ |