前腦啡黑細胞促素皮促素
| Opioids neuropeptide | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鑑定 | |||||||||
| 標誌 | Op_neuropeptide | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF08035（舊版） | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR013532 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00964 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
前腦啡黑細胞促素皮促素（Pro-opiomelanocortin），簡稱POMC，為一種由241個氨基酸組成的前驅多肽。POMC最初轉譯且修飾前的型態稱為原POMC（pre-POMC），含有285個氨基酸，原POMC移除信號肽之後才會成為POMC。
功能
POMC可以切成多種多肽片段，每一個多肽片段都有由囊泡所包覆，並經由胞吐作用釋放到細胞外液：
- 黑色素細胞刺激素（α-MSH）：由弓狀核的神經元產生的α-MSH，在調節食慾以及性行為中扮演重要角色。腦下垂體間葉分泌的α-MSH則調控黑色素的產生。
- 促腎上腺皮質激素（ACTH）：屬於肽類激素，負責調控糖皮質激素的分泌。
- β-內啡肽（β-Endorphin）及甲硫腦素（Met-enkephalin）：屬於內源性的類鴉片多肽，可於腦部多處作用。前者是腦內啡，後者是腦啡肽。會和中樞神經系統內的神經細胞，其細胞膜上的鴉片類受體 (Opioid receptors) 結合，達到鎮痛的效果。
參見
參考文獻
- ^ 對Β-內啡肽起作用的藥物；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
- ^ 對促腎上腺皮質激素起作用的藥物；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
- ^ 對Γ-黑色素细胞刺激素起作用的藥物；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115138 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020660 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
延伸閱讀
- Millington GW. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC): the cutaneous roles of its melanocortin products and receptors. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. May 2006, 31 (3): 407–12. PMID 16681590. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02128.x.
- Millington GW. The role of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurones in feeding behaviour. Nutrition & Metabolism. September 2007, 4: 18. PMC 2018708
. PMID 17764572. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-4-18. - Bhardwaj RS, Luger TA. Proopiomelanocortin production by epidermal cells: evidence for an immune neuroendocrine network in the epidermis. Archives of Dermatological Research. 1994, 287 (1): 85–90. PMID 7726641. doi:10.1007/BF00370724.
- Raffin-Sanson ML, de Keyzer Y, Bertagna X. Proopiomelanocortin, a polypeptide precursor with multiple functions: from physiology to pathological conditions. European Journal of Endocrinology. August 2003, 149 (2): 79–90. PMID 12887283. doi:10.1530/eje.0.1490079.
- Dores RM, Lecaude S. Trends in the evolution of the proopiomelanocortin gene. General and Comparative Endocrinology. May 2005, 142 (1-2): 81–93. PMID 15862552. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.02.003.
- König S, Luger TA, Scholzen TE. Monitoring neuropeptide-specific proteases: processing of the proopiomelanocortin peptides adrenocorticotropin and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in the skin. Experimental Dermatology. October 2006, 15 (10): 751–61. PMID 16984256. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00472.x.
- Farooqi S, O'Rahilly S. Genetics of obesity in humans. Endocrine Reviews. December 2006, 27 (7): 710–18. PMID 17122358. doi:10.1210/er.2006-0040.
