Microsoft Windows SDK
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Microsoft Windows SDK(簡稱Windows SDK或者SDK)是微軟公司出品的一個軟件開發包,向在微軟的Windows操作系統和.NET框架上開發軟件和網站的程序員提供頭文件、庫文件、示例代碼、開發文檔和開發工具[1]。
歷史
微軟每次發布一個主要版本的Windows,都會發布對應的開發工具以使得開發人員能夠調用新的操作系統的應用程序開發接口(API)。在Windows 98之後,這個開發工具包被命名為為Platform SDK。在Windows Vista的SDK推出時,這個產品改名為Windows SDK[2]。
和Windows一樣,微軟每次更新.NET框架,也會發布一個對應的.NET框架 SDK。在Windows 2008版本的Windows SDK推出之後,.NET框架SDK被整合到Windows SDK。
截至2013年,最新版本的Windows SDK是Windows 8.1 SDK,支持面向Windows Vista/Server 2008或更高版本的Windows的程序的開發[3],以及兼容Visual Studio 2010或者以上的版本,包括速成版本。
版本
MSDN技術資源庫的在線版網站包含Windows SDK的在線版本。
Microsoft SDK for Windows 3.0是最後一個收費版本的Windows SDK[4]。之後的Windows SDK電子版均為免費,但是購買CD、DVD等基於物理介質的版本時仍需運費和處理費用[5]。
單獨發布的電子版Windows SDK可以在微軟下載中心免費下載,有在線安裝和本地安裝兩種版本。在安裝Visual Studio時也可以選擇同時安裝電子版Windows SDK。Visual Studio的速成版本包含一個精簡版本的離線版Windows SDK。
對於非PC版本的Windows,微軟也發布對應版本的SDK,例如Windows Mobile SDK和Tablet PC SDK。
2003年2月的Platform SDK是第一個支持64位開發的Platform SDK。Platform SDK for Windows Server 2003 SP1則是第一個支持AMD64的Platform SDK[6]。
Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 4 (ver7.1)在安裝前應該卸載版本大於10.0.30319的VC++ x86/x64 runtime/redistributable。否則在Microsoft Windows SDK安裝過程中將會報錯。
名字 | 版本號 | Build號 | 發布日期 | 下載 | 注釋 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Microsoft Windows Software Development Kit | 3.1 | ? | ? | ? | |
Microsoft Windows Software Development Kit | 3.11 | ? | ? | ? | |
Microsoft Win32 Software Development Kit | 3.1 | ? | ? | ? | |
Microsoft Win32 Software Development Kit | 3.5 | ? | ? | ? | |
Microsoft Win32 Software Development Kit | 3.51 | ? | ? | ? | |
Microsoft Win32 Software Development Kit | 4.0 | ? | ? | ? | |
Microsoft Platform SDK April 1999 | ? | ? | 1999-04 | ? | MSDN subscription CD-ROM disc.
Last Platform SDK to officially install on Windows 95 |
Microsoft Platform SDK September 1999 | ? | ? | 1999-09 | ? | MSDN subscription CD-ROM disc.
Last Platform SDK to fully support Visual C++ 5.0 |
Microsoft Platform SDK February 2001 | ? | ? | 2001-02 | ? | |
Microsoft Platform SDK June 2001 | ? | ? | 2001-06 | ? | MSDN subscription CD-ROM disc.
Last Platform SDK to officially develop for Windows 95. (Does not officially install on Windows 95) |
Microsoft Platform SDK August 2001 | ? | 5.1.2601.0 | 2001-08 | [2] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | MSDN subscription CD-ROM disc.
Last Platform SDK to unofficially develop for Windows 95. (Does not officially install on Windows 95) |
Microsoft Platform SDK November 2001 | ? | 5.2.3590.2 | 2001-11 | [3] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | |
Microsoft Platform SDK May 2002 | ? | 5.2.3639.1 | 2002-05 | [4] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | |
Microsoft Platform SDK July 2002 | ? | 5.2.3663.0 | 2002-07 | [5] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | |
Microsoft Platform SDK August 2002 | ? | 5.2.3672.1 | 2002-08 | [6] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | |
Microsoft Platform SDK November 2002 | ? | 5.2.3718.1 | 2002-11 | [7] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | |
Microsoft Platform SDK February 2003 | ? | 5.2.3790.0 | 2003-02 | [8] | Last version with VC6 support[8] and latest version with Windows 95 and Windows 98 support. |
.NET Framework SDK Version 1.1 | ? | 1.1.4322.573 | 2003-03-29 | [9] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | Included in Visual Studio 2003. Does not include the Platform SDK. |
Microsoft Platform SDK for Windows XP SP2 | ? | 5.1.2600.2180 | 2004-08 | [10] | |
Windows Server 2003 SP1 Platform SDK | ? | 5.2.3790.1830.15 | 2005-05-02 | [11] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | |
Windows Server 2003 R2 Platform SDK | ? | 5.2.3790.2075.51 | 2006-03-14 | [12] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | Also suggested by MS to work with VS6 [9] |
.NET Framework 2.0 Software Development Kit | ? | 2.0.50727.42 | 2006-11-29 | [13] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | Included in Visual Studio 2005 Professional. Does not include the Platform SDK. |
Microsoft Windows Software Development Kit for Windows Vista and .NET Framework 3.0 Runtime Components | v6.0 | 6.0.6000.16384 | 2006-10-30 | [14] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | The C++ compilers in this SDK release support the /analyze key. |
Microsoft Windows Software Development Kit Update for Windows Vista | v6.1 | 6.1.6000.16384.10 | 2007-03-22 | [15] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | First unified .NET and Platform SDK. Does not support Visual Studio .NET 2003 and Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003 |
Included in Visual Studio 2008[10] | v6.0a | 6.1.6723.1 | 2007-11-19 | [16] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | |
Windows SDK for Windows Server 2008 and .NET Framework 3.5 | v6.1 | 6.0.6001.18000.367 | 2008-02-05 | [17] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | .NET Framework 3.5 |
Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 | v7.0 | 6.1.7600.16385 | 2009-07-24 | [18] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | |
Included in Visual Studio 2010 | v7.0a | 6.1.7600.16385 | 2010-04-12 | [19] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | .NET Framework 4. Works only with Visual Studio 2010 and not Visual Studio 2010 Express. This is also the last version to include offline documentation.[11] |
Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 4 | v7.1 | 7.1.7600.0.30514 | 2010-05-21[12] | [20] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | It is the latest version that officially supports Windows XP target. |
Included in Visual Studio 2012 Update 1 (or later) | v7.1A | 7.1.51106 | ? | ? | Introduces the "v110_xp" platform toolset |
Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 8 and .NET Framework 4.5 | v8.0 | 6.2.9200.16384 | 2012-11-15[13] | [21] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | .NET Framework 4.5, Windows Store apps and Integrated DirectX SDK |
Included in Visual Studio 2012 | v8.0A | 8.0.50727 | ? | ? | |
Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 8.1 | v8.1 | 8.100.25984.0 | 2013-10-17 | [22] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | Windows 8.1, .NET Framework 4.5.1, Windows Store apps and Integrated DirectX SDK |
Included in Visual Studio 2013 | v8.1A | 8.1.51636 | ? | ? | Includes the "v120_xp" platform toolset |
Windows Standalone SDK for Windows 10 | v10 | 10.0.10240.0 | 2015-07-29 | [23] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | Also included in Visual Studio 2015[14] |
Windows Standalone SDK for Windows 10, Version 1511[15] | v10 | 10.0.10586.0 | 2015-11-30 | [24] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館) | Also included in Visual Studio 2015 Update 1[16] |
版本 | 刪除特性 |
---|---|
Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 3.5 SP1[17] | |
Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 4[18] |
|
Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 8[19] |
|
Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 8.1[20] | Nothing |
Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 10 | Nothing[21] |
內容
Windows SDK文檔包含如下內容[22]:
- 核心SDK
- .NET框架SDK
- IIS SDK
- Internet Development SDK (IE SDK)
- MDAC SDK
- Windows Installer SDK
- WMI SDK
- Windows Media Service SDK
- Microsoft Speech SDK[23]
- DirectShow SDK[24]
除了.Net SDK之外,SDK文檔主要是以C語言規範提供,但是SDK函數的調用方法和語言無關,僅受編程語言的類型系統限制[25]
另外,SDK也會安裝用於說明各種API用法的示例,以及用於輔助開發、調試、發布軟件的工具[26]。
影響
Windows API也被稱為Windows SDK函數或者簡稱SDK函數[27]。相對於.Net框架這樣的類庫來說,SDK函數被認為是底層的API[28]。直接調用Windows SDK而不是用別的類庫的開發被稱為SDK編程[29]。在SDK這一層開發工作枯燥、耗時較長,難度也較高[30],Visual Studio這樣的開發環境以及MFC和.NET框架這樣的類庫可以被用來加速面向Windows的軟件的開發[31]。
參考和引用
- ^ Windows SDK Frequently Asked Questions. [2010-01-29]. (原始內容存檔於2009-09-26).
- ^ Which SDK is Right for Me?. [2010-01-29]. (原始內容存檔於2015-11-06).
- ^ Windows 8.1 SDK 下载. [2013-11-06]. (原始內容存檔於2016-01-22).
- ^ 《InfoWorld》,InfoWorld Media Group, Inc. 1991年2月25日出版
- ^ Order Windows SDK/PSDK on Disk. [2010-01-30]. (原始內容存檔於2009-04-24).
- ^ How to obtain the 64-bit version of the Visual C++ 7.1 libraries and build tools. [2010-01-30]. (原始內容存檔於2015-02-25).
- ^ Windows and Windows Phone SDK archive. [2016-06-30]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-06).
- ^ Windows® Server 2003 SP1 Platform SDK Web Install (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館), Microsoft Download Center "The last SDK that will work with VC 6.0 is the February 2003 Edition, you can order a CD on the fulfillment site."
- ^ [1] (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館). Social.msdn.microsoft.com. Retrieved on 2014-02-16.
- ^ Microsoft Windows SDK Blog: New samples in Win 7 SDK: Direct2D and DirectWrite. [2016-06-30]. (原始內容存檔於2009-10-27).
- ^ Windows SDK 7.1 release notes. [23 July 2014].
- ^ Released: Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 4. [2016-06-30]. (原始內容存檔於2019-10-18).
- ^ Windows SDK for Windows 8 – Windows Dev Center (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館). Msdn.microsoft.com. Retrieved on 2014-02-16.
- ^ Building Apps for Windows 10 with Visual Studio 2015. [2016-06-30]. (原始內容存檔於2019-01-09).
- ^ Windows 10 SDK Release Notes. [2016-06-30]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-22).
- ^ Visual Studio 2015 Update 1 Release Notes. [2016-06-30]. (原始內容存檔於2016-07-17).
- ^ Release Notes, Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 3.5 SP1. [2016-06-30]. (原始內容存檔於2020-07-24).
- ^ Release Notes, Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 4
- ^ Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 8. Windows Dev Center. Microsoft. [20 February 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-08).
- ^ Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 8. Windows Dev Center. Microsoft. [20 February 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2019-10-18).
- ^ Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 10. Windows Dev Center. Microsoft. [20 February 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-22).
- ^ 《Super SQL Server Systems: Turbocharge Database Performance》,Joseph Gama、Patrick Naughter著,Rampant技術出版社2006年出版,第98頁
- ^ Microsoft Speech API SDK. [2010-01-29]. (原始內容存檔於2010-01-05).
- ^ DirectShow. [2010-01-30]. (原始內容存檔於2018-03-05).
- ^ 《Windows API編程/程序員書庫》冉林倉著,清華大學2005年出版,第2頁
- ^ 《Windows graphics programming: Win32 GDI and DirectDraw》,袁峰著,Prentice Hall PTR 2000年出版,第50頁
- ^ 《Microsoft Foundation Class 4 bible》Fred Pandolfi、Mike Oliver、Michael Wolski著,Waite出版社集團1996年出版,693頁
- ^ 《Journal of object oriented programming, Volume 4, Issues 8-9》 SIGS 1992年出版,第59頁
- ^ 《Digital Audio Processing》Doug Coulter著,CMP 2000年出版,第169頁
- ^ 《Writing secure code》Michael Howard、David LeBlanc著,微軟出版社2001年出版,第xxi頁
- ^ 《Object-oriented programming for Windows 95 and NT》Stephen Morris著, Digital Press 1999年出版,第26頁
相關條目
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