組氨酸脫羧酶

組氨酸脫羧酶
組氨酸脫羧酶
標識
代號	HDC; MGC163399
擴展標識	遺傳學：142704 鼠基因：96062 同源基因：20490 GeneCards: HDC Gene
EC編號	4.1.1.22
基因本體論描述
分子功能	· carboxy-lyase activity; · lyase activity; · amino acid binding; · histidine decarboxylase activity; · pyridoxal phosphate binding;
細胞成分	· dendrite; · insoluble fraction; · cytosol; · soluble fraction; · cell soma;
生物過程	· carboxylic acid metabolic process; · catecholamine biosynthetic process; · histamine metabolic process; · histidine metabolic process; · histidine catabolic process; · cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源體
物種	人類
Entrez	3067
Ensembl	ENSG00000140287
UniProt	P19113
mRNA序列	NM_002112
蛋白序列	NP_002103
基因位置	Chr 15:; 48.32 – 48.35 Mb
PubMed查詢	[1]
	閱; 論; 編;

組氨酸脫羧酶
	在組氨酸脫羧酶作用下從組氨酸到組織胺的轉化
命名
系統命名
縮寫
識別碼
EC編號	4.1.1.22
CAS號	9024-61-7
數據庫
IntEnz	IntEnz瀏覽
BRENDA（英語：BRENDA）	BRENDA入口
ExPASy（英語：ExPASy）	NiceZyme瀏覽
KEGG	KEGG入口
MetaCyc（英語：MetaCyc）	代謝路徑
PRIAM（英語：PRIAM_enzyme-specific_profiles）	概述
PDB	RCSB PDB PDBj PDBe PDBsum
基因本體	AmiGO / EGO
搜索
PMC	相關文獻
PubMed	相關文獻

組氨酸脫羧酶（英語：Histidine decarboxylase，HDC）是一種以如下方式在維生素B₆的幫助下催化從組氨酸生成組織胺的反應的酶：^[1]^[2]^[3]

C₆H₉N₃O₂ → C₅H₉N₃ + CO₂

在人體中，組氨酸脫羧酶由HDC基因編碼。^[4]^[5]

生物胺組織胺在許多生理過程中有重要的調節作用，包括神經傳遞、胃酸分泌、平滑肌舒張。從組氨酸到組織胺的生物合成由L-組氨酸脫羧酶催化。這個同源二聚體酶是一個依賴磷酸吡哆醛（PLP）的脫羧酶，並對其底物組氨酸有高度特異性。^[4]

參考

^ Epps HM. Studies on bacterial amino-acid decarboxylases: 4. l(-)-histidine decarboxylase from Cl. welchii Type A. Biochem. J. 1945, 39 (1): 42–6. PMC 1258146 . PMID 16747851.
^ Riley WD, Snell EE. Histidine decarboxylase of Lactobacillus 30a. IV. The presence of covalently bound pyruvate as the prosthetic group. Biochemistry. October 1968, 7 (10): 3520–8. PMID 5681461.
^ Rosenthaler J, Guirard BM, Chang GW, Snell EE. Purification and properties of histidine decarboxylase from Lactobacillus 30a. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. July 1965, 54 (1): 152–8. PMC 285813 . PMID 5216347.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Entrez Gene: histidine decarboxylase. （原始內容存檔於2020-03-28）.
^ Bruneau G, Nguyen VC, Gros F, Bernheim A, Thibault J. Preparation of a rat brain histidine decarboxylase (HDC) cDNA probe by PCR and assignment of the human HDC gene to chromosome 15. Hum. Genet. November 1992, 90 (3): 235–8. PMID 1487235.

擴展閱讀

Need AC, Keefe RS, Ge D; et al. Pharmacogenetics of antipsychotic response in the CATIE trial: a candidate gene analysis.. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 2009, 17 (7): 946–57. PMID 19156168. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2008.264.
Masini E, Fabbroni V, Giannini L; et al. Histamine and histidine decarboxylase up-regulation in colorectal cancer: correlation with tumor stage.. Inflamm. Res. 2005,. 54 Suppl 1: S80–1. PMID 15928846. doi:10.1007/s00011-004-0437-3.
Li Z, Liu J, Tang F; et al. Expression of non-mast cell histidine decarboxylase in tumor-associated microvessels in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.. APMIS. 2008, 116 (12): 1034–42. PMID 19133005. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0463.2008.01048.x.
Szafranski K, Schindler S, Taudien S; et al. Violating the splicing rules: TG dinucleotides function as alternative 3' splice sites in U2-dependent introns.. Genome Biol. 2007, 8 (8): R154. PMID 17672918. doi:10.1186/gb-2007-8-8-r154.
Ai W, Liu Y, Langlois M, Wang TC. Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) represses histidine decarboxylase gene expression through an upstream Sp1 site and downstream gastrin responsive elements.. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279 (10): 8684–93. PMID 14670968. doi:10.1074/jbc.M308278200.
Raychowdhury R, Fleming JV, McLaughlin JT; et al. Identification and characterization of a third gastrin response element (GAS-RE3) in the human histidine decarboxylase gene promoter.. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2002, 297 (5): 1089–95. PMID 12372397.
Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y; et al. Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes.. Genome Res. 2006, 16 (1): 55–65. PMID 16344560. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406.
SkÃ¶ldberg F, Portela-Gomes GM, Grimelius L; et al. Histidine decarboxylase, a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, is an autoantigen of gastric enterochromaffin-like cells.. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2003, 88 (4): 1445–52. PMID 12679420.
Brew O, Lakasing L, Sullivan M. Differential activity of histidine decarboxylase in normal and pre-eclamptic placentae.. Placenta: 585–7. PMID 16822545. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2006.05.003.
Zhang F, Xiong DH, Wang W; et al. HDC gene polymorphisms are associated with age at natural menopause in Caucasian women.. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2006, 348 (4): 1378–82. PMID 16919600. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.08.008.
Tippens AS, Gruetter CA. Detection of histidine decarboxylase mRNA in human vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells.. Inflamm. Res. 2004, 53 (6): 215–6. PMID 15167966. doi:10.1007/s00011-004-1252-6.
Siezen CL, Bont L, Hodemaekers HM; et al. Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm children is associated with airway remodeling genes and innate immune genes.. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2009, 28 (4): 333–5. PMID 19258923. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31818e2aa9.
Morgan TK, Montgomery K, Mason V; et al. Upregulation of histidine decarboxylase expression in superficial cortical nephrons during pregnancy in mice and women.. Kidney Int. 2006, 70 (2): 306–14. PMID 16760908. doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5001553.
Papadopoulou N, Kalogeromitros D, Staurianeas NG; et al. Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor-1 and histidine decarboxylase expression in chronic urticaria.. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2005, 125 (5): 952–5. PMID 16297195. doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23913.x.
Janssen R, Bont L, Siezen CL; et al. Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is predominantly associated with innate immune genes.. J. Infect. Dis. 2007, 196 (6): 826–34. PMID 17703412. doi:10.1086/520886.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2002, 99 (26): 16899–903. PMID 12477932. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899.
Aichberger KJ, Mayerhofer M, Vales A; et al. The CML-related oncoprotein BCR/ABL induces expression of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and the synthesis of histamine in leukemic cells.. Blood. 2006, 108 (10): 3538–47. PMID 16849647. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-12-028456.
Lee JK, Kim HT, Cho SM; et al. Characterization of 458 single nucleotide polymorphisms of disease candidate genes in the Korean population.. J. Hum. Genet. 2003, 48 (5): 213–6. PMID 12768436. doi:10.1007/s10038-003-0011-9.
Jeong HJ, Moon PD, Kim SJ; et al. Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 regulates human histidine decarboxylase expression.. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 2009, 66 (7): 1309–19. PMID 19266161. doi:10.1007/s00018-009-9001-1.

外部連結

醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：Histidine+Decarboxylase
Histamine MS Spectrum （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
DrugBank EXPT01785

Histamine bound to proteins （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） in the PDB

[pmid16747851-1] Epps HM. Studies on bacterial amino-acid decarboxylases: 4. l(-)-histidine decarboxylase from Cl. welchii Type A. Biochem. J. 1945, 39 (1): 42–6. PMC 1258146 . PMID 16747851.

[pmid5681461-2] Riley WD, Snell EE. Histidine decarboxylase of Lactobacillus 30a. IV. The presence of covalently bound pyruvate as the prosthetic group. Biochemistry. October 1968, 7 (10): 3520–8. PMID 5681461.

[pmid5216347-3] Rosenthaler J, Guirard BM, Chang GW, Snell EE. Purification and properties of histidine decarboxylase from Lactobacillus 30a. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. July 1965, 54 (1): 152–8. PMC 285813 . PMID 5216347.

[entrez-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Entrez Gene: histidine decarboxylase. （原始內容存檔於2020-03-28）.

[pmid1487235-5] Bruneau G, Nguyen VC, Gros F, Bernheim A, Thibault J. Preparation of a rat brain histidine decarboxylase (HDC) cDNA probe by PCR and assignment of the human HDC gene to chromosome 15. Hum. Genet. November 1992, 90 (3): 235–8. PMID 1487235.

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閱論編碳-碳裂合酶（EC 4.1）
4.1.1：羧基裂合酶	丙酮酸脫羧酶 · 草酰乙酸脫羧酶 · 乙酰乙酸脫羧酶 · 丙二酰輔酶A脫羧酶 · 穀氨酸脫羧酶 · 鳥氨酸脫羧酶 · 賴氨酸脫羧酶 · 磷酸核糖酰氨基咪唑羧化酶 · 組氨酸脫羧酶 · 尿苷酸合成酶/乳清酸核苷-5'-磷酸脫羧酶 · 芳香族L-氨基酸脫羧酶 · 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶 · 焦磷酸甲羥戊酸脫羧酶 · 尿卟啉原III脫羧酶 · 1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶/加氧酶 · 磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化激酶 · 腺苷甲硫氨酸脫羧酶
4.1.2：醛-裂解酶	醛縮酶（醛縮酶A、醛縮酶B、醛縮酶C） · 2-羥基植烷酰輔酶A裂解酶 · 蘇氨酸醛縮酶
4.1.3: 氧代酸-裂解酶	異檸檬酸裂合酶 3-羥基-3-甲基輔酶A裂解酶
4.1.99：其他	色氨酸酶光裂合酶
EC 1.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10/11/12/13/14/15/16/17/18/19/20/21/22 · 2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7(2.7.10/11-12)/8/9 · 3.1/2/3/4(3.4.21/22/23/24)/5/6/7/8/9/10/11/12/13 · 4.1/2/3/4/5/6 · 5.1/2/3/4/5/99 · 6.1-3（英語：Template:Ligases CO CS and CN）/4/5-6