卷管螺科
卷管螺科 化石时期:
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一枚长卷管螺(Turris crispa)的五个角度 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 软体动物门 Mollusca |
纲: | 腹足纲 Gastropoda |
目: | 新腹足目 Neogastropoda |
总科: | 芋螺总科 Conoidea |
科: | 卷管螺科 Turridae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 |
模式属 | |
卷管螺属 Turris Batsch, 1789
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卷管螺科(学名:Turridae),又名塔螺科,是芋螺总科之下的一个海洋腹足纲软体动物的科级分类单元,包括了多种不同的掠食性海螺。
卷管螺科原来是一个很大的群组,包括了数以千计相关的海螺物种。这数千个物种可以归类到约七百个属,这还未计算本科的化石物种。若连化石物种也包括在内,物种的数量会超过一万[2]。然而,这个庞大的分类后来证实了是一个多系群。随着分子生物亲缘支序学的发展,多个分支从卷管螺科独立出来;不过“卷管螺类”(turrid)这个名词仍然会作为广泛定义的卷管螺物种的非正式名称。
分布
本科物种分布于世界各地;但主要还是出现于浅海带。
型态描述
本科物种的螺壳基本上都差不多是纺锤形。螺层会拉长至成为宽锥形。
卷管螺类物种皆为肉食性及捕食性的腹足纲动物。大多数物种的体内都有毒腺,配合其弓舌型齿舌(Toxoglossan radula),可用于捕食其他有脊椎及无脊椎(主要还是多毛纲)的动物,甚或用于自卫[1]。有些物种的齿舌及毒腺都已消失;而有齿舌的物种,一般每行都有舌齿两到三枚,而且没有侧齿,边齿作Y字形或打双[3]。
分类
- Cryptogemma Dall, 1918
- Daphnobela Cossmann, 1896†
- Decollidrillia Habe & Ito, 1965
- Epidirella Iredale, 1913
- Gemmula Weinkauff, 1875
- Iotyrris Medinskaya & Sysoev, 2001
- Kuroshioturris Shuto, 1961
- Lophiotoma Casey, 1904
- Lucerapex Iredale, 1936
- Pinguigemmula McNeil, 1961
- Pleuroliria De Gregorio, 1890
- Polystira Woodring, 1928
- Pseudexomilus Powell, 1944
- Ptychosyrinx Thiele, 1925
- Turridrupa Hedley, 1922
- 卷管螺属 Turris Röding, 1798:模式属。
- Unedogemmula MacNeil, 1961
- Xenuroturris Iredale, 1929
- 异名
- Annulaturris Powell, 1966,现接受名为:Turris Batsch, 1789
- Austrogemmula Laseron, 1954,现接受名为:Epidirella Iredale, 1913
- Bathybermudia Haas, 1949,现接受名为: Ptychosyrinx Thiele, 1925
- Clamturris Iredale, 1931,现接受名为: Xenuroturris Iredale, 1929
- Eugemmula Iredale, 1931,现接受名为: Gemmula Weinkauff, 1875
- Lophioturris Powell, 1964,现接受名为: Lophiotoma Casey, 1904
- Oxytropa Glibert, 1955,现接受名为: Polystira Woodring, 1928
- Pleurotoma Lamarck, 1799,现接受名为: Turris Batsch, 1789
参考文献
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Duda, Thomas F., Jr.; Kohn, Alan J.; Palumbi, Stephen R. Origins of diverse feeding ecologies within Conus, a genus of venomous marine gastropods. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society of London. 2001-08, 73 (4): 391–409 [2017-12-11]. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2001.tb01369.x. (原始内容存档于2017-12-11) (英语).
- ^ Bouchet, P. Turrid genera and mode of development: the use and abuse of protoconch morphology. Malacologia. 1990, 32: 69–77 [2017-12-03]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-12) (英语).
- ^ Kantor, Yuri I; Taylor, John D. Formation of marginal radular teeth in Conoidea (Neogastropoda) and the evolution of the hypodermic envenomation mechanism. Journal of Zoology (Cambridge University Press). 2000, 252 (2): 251–262. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2000.tb00620.x (英语).
- ^ Gofas, Serge. Turridae. WoRMS. 2010-08-02 [2015-11-18].
- ^ Template:Shelldoc 120090219003 01
延伸阅读
- Kilburn R. N. (1983). "Turridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of southern Africa and Mozambique. Part 1. Subfamily Turrinae." Ann. Natal. Mus. 25: 549–585.
- McLean J. (1971). "A revised classification of the family Turridae, with the proposal of new subfamilies, genera, and subgenera from the Eastern Pacific". Veliger 14: 114–130 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Powell A. W. B. (1964). "The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 1, The subfamily Turrinae". Indo-Pacific Mollusca 1: 227–345.
- Tucker, J.K. 2004 Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Zootaxa 682:1-1295 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)*
- Kilburn, Richard N., Alexander E. Fedosov, and Baldomero M. Olivera. "Revision of the genus Turris (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species." Zootaxa 3244.1 (2012): 1
外部链接
- W.H. Dall (1918) Notes on the nomenclature of the mollusks of the family Turritidae; Proceedings of The United States National Museum v. 54 (1918)
- (older) Turrid Classification[永久失效链接]
- Tucker, J.K. 2004 Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Zootaxa 682:1-1295 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Sealifebase: Species mentioned in Tucker, J.K. 2004 Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Zootaxa 682:1-1295 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)