古斯帕克连帽衫
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古斯帕克连帽衫(英语:kuspuk,/ˈɡʌs.pʌk/)是一种前部有大口袋的连帽衬衫,是阿拉斯加原住民的常见服饰。[1]古斯帕克连帽衫与丘尼卡长度相仿,自腰间垂至膝盖。[2]女款古斯帕克的底部常有类似短裙的皱褶。古斯帕克一般套头穿戴,部分带有拉链。[3]
尽管古斯帕克是源自Yup'ik的传统服装,[4]现在也有许多其他原住民族群以至非原住民穿这种衣服。[1][4][5]古斯帕克起初是由动物皮毛或内脏制成的,套在派克大衣之外用以保持内部的清洁。[1][6][2]因相对偏僻地区村庄商铺增加,古斯帕克连帽衫的材料现多为印花麻布[1],以及亮色印染的印花布、天鹅绒,或有花边的灯芯绒。[7][6][8]如今古斯帕克也常作为罩衫搭配长裤。[6][9]
在阿拉斯加州,许多政府工作人员会在周五穿上古斯帕克连帽衫。[1][4][5]伯特利的代表Mary Sattler开创了这一传统,[1][5]立法人喜爱古斯帕克也能提高在本州的声望。[1]
古斯帕克较为宽松、庞大,容易受到美国运输安全管理局更严格的检查,可能要求将其脱下。[9][10]参议员莉萨·穆尔科斯基和马克·贝吉奇批评这种行为,称其漠视文化,因为古斯帕克因下层不一定还有衣物而不便脱下。[9][10]
若望保禄二世1981年访问阿拉斯加时获赠了一件古斯帕克。[3]
参考来源
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 McBride, Rhonda. Kuspuks at the Capitol. KTVA. March 2, 2014 [May 22, 2014]. (原始内容存档于2014-05-23).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Jacobson, Steven A. (compiler) 2012. Yup'ik Eskimo Dictionary, 2nd edition (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Greatly revised and emended edition of Jacobson's 1984 dictionary. Alaska Native Language Center.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Bartley, Bruce. Alaska preparing a warm welcome for the pope. Lawrence Journal-World. Associated Press. February 21, 1981 [May 22, 2014]. (原始内容存档于2022-01-27).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Land, Ted. Capitol continues commemorative kuspuk custom. KTUU. March 6, 2010 [May 22, 2014]. (原始内容存档于May 23, 2014).
- ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 It's Kuspuk Friday in the Alaska Legislature. Alaska Public Media. March 22, 2013 [May 22, 2014]. (原始内容存档于2014-05-23).
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Nancy Gates. The Alaska Almanac: Facts about Alaska. Graphic Arts Center Publishing Co. 2006: 111 [2022-01-27]. ISBN 978-0-88240-652-7. (原始内容存档于2022-01-27).
- ^ Dean M. Gottehrer. The Associated Press Stylebook for Alaska. Epicenter Press. 2000: 39 [2022-01-27]. ISBN 978-0-945397-87-8. (原始内容存档于2022-01-27).
- ^ Alexander B. Dolitsky. Fairy Tales and Myths of the Bering Strait Chukchi. Alaska-Siberia Research Center. 1997: 130 [2022-01-27]. ISBN 978-0-9653891-1-2. (原始内容存档于2022-01-27).
- ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Land, Ted. Alaska's Kuspuk Becomes Part of TSA Debate. KTUU. March 22, 2012 [May 22, 2014]. (原始内容存档于May 23, 2014).
- ^ 10.0 10.1 Hopkins, Kyle. Pressed for change, Native leaders promise a 'new, modern AFN'. Anchorage Daily News. October 20, 2012 [May 22, 2014]. (原始内容存档于2014-05-23).