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先行词

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先行词(上行语,英语:antecedent)是指能赋予其他代词具体意义的字词、短语、从句<子句>。[1] 代词可从其先行词得出它的具体意义,例如英语句子:"Susan arrived late because traffic held her up."(苏珊来迟了,因为交通状况延迟了她的行程)。代词"her"(她)表明为"Susan"(苏珊)且其含义也来自"苏珊",所以苏珊是"her"(她)的"先行词"。代词通常跟随在他们的先行词的后面,但有时它们在先行词前面。

注释

  1. ^ Definitions of "antecedent" along these lines can be found, for instance, in Crystal (1999:20) and Radford (2004:322)

参考文献

  • Carnie, A. 2013. Syntax: A generative introduction. 3rd edition. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Crystal, D. 1997. A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics. 4th edition. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Radford, A. 2004. English syntax: An introduction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Tesnière, L. 1969. Éléments de syntaxe structurale, 2nd edition. Klincksieck, Paris.

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