弯曲时空中的量子场论
粒子物理学中,弯曲时空的量子场论是指将平直时空的量子场论推展到弯曲时空。此理论的一般性预测为:时变重力场或具有视界的非时变重力场皆可导致粒子创生。
应用
此理论最著名的应用为霍金辐射,指出黑洞带有黑体辐射。另一个相关的预测为盎鲁效应,指出加速中的观察者可以观测到真空中出现粒子的热浴,这在惯性观察者是观察不到的。
此外,宇宙暴胀造成的太初密度微扰也可以之计算,而实验上也可透过天文学观测(例如宇宙背景辐射)来验证。
狄拉克方程式也可有弯曲时空中的形式,参见弯曲时空中的狄拉克方程。
量子引力的近似
弯曲时空中的量子场论也可以视作量子引力的初阶近似。更进一步的理论为半古典重力,其考虑了强重力场所造成的粒子创造;此理论仍属古典理论,并且等效原理仍然适用。广义相对论所描述的重力,其不可重整化特性是将重力量子化的主要障碍。[1]
相关条目
参考文献
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