维基百科:臺灣教育專案/臺大植物分類學 (107-2)/提報作業/Dianthus pygmaeus Hayata
| 臺灣教育專案/臺大植物分類學 (107-2)/提報作業/Dianthus pygmaeus Hayata | ||||||||||||
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| Dianthus pygmaeus Hayata,1914 |
Dianthus pygmaeus especially grow on open area of the middle and high altitude mountainous area in Taiwan[1]. Budding from March to April, flowering and fruiting all the year[2]. However, the group growing at high mountain is budding in April, growing in May, flowering and fruiting from June to October and withering in November[3]. Dianthus pygmaeus generally distribute beside rocky place and roadside from 1500 to 3000 meters high through the island[1].
Dianthus plants which distributes at the medium altitude mountain in Taiwan were all classified into Dianthus superbus L. by Hayata initially. Until Janpanese scholar Takiya and Mori gave him the herbarium specimen that collected at Mount Yu in 1908[3], Bunzo Hayata published its scientific name in Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 3:34. 1913[4].
Morphology
- Stem
Dianthus pygmaeus is grown as perennial herb plants, often being rosette[2]. Its base part is creeping and branching upward, which being erect or rising without villi. The stem is slender and glabrous, sometimes being woody and about 20-50 cm high[4].
- Leaf
The arrangement of leaves is opposite. The leaf is linear, 2-5 cm long, 1-4 mm wide, with acute leaf apex and base[4]. Being sheathing at the base[2] and having swollen nodes. The leaf margin is slightly denticulate. Both surfaces of the leaf are glabrous[4].
- Flower
Flower grows solitary or on the terminal of cyme inflorescence, 5 large and showy petals, color fuchsia to pink (sometimes will be white). The radicle of the flower can be 48mm long, and peduncle is 5-8 cm long and slender. Petals are long fimbricate, most of the bottom glandular hair is upward. Some part of the petals were wrapped in the calyx tube, which is 18-24mm long covered with 2 opposite bracts on its base, and the other were exposed and can be seen readily. The top of the exposed petals are elongate-clawed, 2-2.5cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide. There are 10 stamens in the flower, with slender and glabrous filaments and linear-oblong anthers. By the characteristic of protandry to avoiding self pollination. 2 pistils are in the flower. The terminal of the style is curl or helical usually and stigma inward with glandular hairy upward. It is epigyny with glabrous, cylindrical ovary inferior[3][4].
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flower of Dianthus pygmaeus
- Fruit
Capsule is cylindric and longer than the calyx tube, 1cm long, 3mm across, Being green at the beginning stage and is not very obvious[2], while the terminal part exposed apparently[4].
- Seed
Black, circular or peltate shape; compressed on both side; papillate at apex[4].