User:Weiyang4096/沙盒

维基百科，自由的百科全书

提摩西·雷頓，FREng，FRS（Timothy Grant Leighton，1963年10月16日—），是英国南安普顿大学的超声波与水下声学（英语：Underwater acoustics）教授。[1][2][3][4][5]

教育经历

雷頓曾先后就读于坎布里亞郡的海弗夏姆文法學校（英语：Dallam School）和劍橋大學莫德林學院。之后于1988年在卡文迪許實驗室获得博士学位并留任工作。[6][7]

工作经历

雷顿于1992年加入南安普顿大学的声学与振动研究所(ISVR)，担任讲师一职。在此其间他完成了专著《声学气泡》。[8][9]

研究

Leighton's research investigates:

“ ... the way sound travels through liquids (and liquid-like materials, such as human tissues, and the atmosphere of Venus). Consequently his research covers: Acoustical Oceanography (how we can measure ocean properties by sound); Biomedical Ultrasonics (how to ensure ultrasound does not change tissue when it should not – e.g. during foetal scanning; and ensuring that it does change tissue in a controlled way when it should – e.g. during tumour therapy); Marine Zoological Acoustics (how sea creatures use and respond to sound); Sonochemistry (how to produce chemical reactions in liquid using ultrasound). He likes to cover a project from the fundamental science through to application in industry, hospitals, or at sea.[13] ”

Although elements of Leighton's research have been funded by the Royal Society, the US Dept of Energy, the Science and Technology Research Council, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC),[15] he has self-funded research ideas that cannot attract a sponsor by raising funds through inventions.

获奖与荣誉

Leighton has been awarded the following medals and distinctions:

Medals

  • the 2014 Rayleigh Medal of the Institute of Acoustics[68]
  • the 2013 Helmholtz-Rayleigh Interdisciplinary Silver Medal of the Acoustical Society of America
  • the 2009 R W B Stephens Medal of the Institute of Acoustics
  • the 2006 Paterson Medal of the Institute of Physics[69]
  • the inaugural 2004 Early Career Medal and Award of the International Commission for Acoustics
  • the 2002 Tyndall Medal of the Institute of Acoustics
  • the 1994 A. B. Wood Medal of the Institute of Acoustics

The citation of the 2006 Paterson Medal of the Institute of Physics states that:

“ Timothy Leighton’s contribution is outstanding in both breadth and depth. His is an acknowledged world leader in four fields relating to acoustics in liquids: biomedical ultrasonics, acoustical oceanography, cavitation and industrial ultrasonics. He has delivered over 70 pioneering advances, from devices now used in hospitals to the world's first count of bubbles in the surf zone (crucial to our understanding of atmosphere-ocean gas flux, coastal erosion and the optimisation of military sonar). Behind these advances lies rigorous physics.[69] ”

Awards

  • The 2014 'Best new product of the year' award for StarStream[70][71]
  • the 2012 Institute of Chemical Engineering Award for Water Management and Supply
  • the 2011 Royal Society Brian Mercer Award for Innovation[72]
  • the 2008 ‘Medical & Healthcare’ award from ‘The Engineer’
  • the inaugural 2001 International Medwin Prize for Acoustical Oceanography from the Acoustical Society of America

Fellowships

Leighton was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2014. His nomination reads:

“ Timothy Leighton is distinguished for his research on the acoustical physics of bubbles, especially their nonlinear behaviour; for his inventions and discoveries including bubble measurements in the surf zone, pipelines and methane seeps; for shock wave lithotripsy monitoring, disease detection in cancellous bone and needle free injection; for sonar systems that overcome bubble masking and numerous industrial applications. His seminal monograph The Acoustic Bubble has become the primary reference on bubble physical acoustics ”

[73]

Leighton was also elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng)[5] in 2012[1] for his services to Engineering and society.[74]

He was also awarded Fellowship of the Institute of Physics (FInstP) in 2000, Fellowship of Institute of Acoustics in 1999, Fellowship of the Acoustical Society of America in 1998, and Fellowship of the Cambridge Philosophical Society in 1988.

參考文獻

  1. ^ Leighton, T. G. What is ultrasound?. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology. 2007, 93 (1–3): 3–83. PMID 17045633. doi:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2006.07.026. 
  2. ^ 由Scopus书目数据库索引的Weiyang4096/沙盒的出版物需付费查阅
  3. ^ YouTube上的Professor Tim Leighton, University of Southampton, 'The Acoustic Bubble'
  4. ^ Leighton, T. G. Bubble population phenomena in acoustic cavitation. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 1995, 2 (2): S123. doi:10.1016/1350-4177(95)00021-W. 
  5. ^ {{Cite journal | pmid = 10414898 | year = 1999 | author1 = Hughes | first1 = E. R. | title = Ultrasonic propagation in cancellous bone: A new stratified model | journal = Ultrasound in medicine & biology | volume = 25 | issue = 5 | pages = 811–21 | last2 = Leighton | first2 = T. G. | last3 = Petley | first3 = G. W. | last4 = White | first4 = P. R. | doi=10.1016/s0301-5629(99)00034-4
  6. ^ LEIGHTON, Prof. Timothy Grant需要付费订阅. 英国名人录. ukwhoswho.com 2014 online Oxford University Press (布盧姆斯伯里出版公司旗下A & C Black).  需要订阅或英国公共图书馆会员资格
  7. ^ Leighton, Timothy Grant. Image intensifier studies of sonoluminescence, with application to the safe use of medical ultrasound (PhD论文). University of Cambridge. 1988. 
  8. ^ The Acoustic Bubble. By Timothy G. Leighton Academic Press, 1994. 613 pp. ISBN 0124124984
  9. ^ Crum, L. A. Review of the Accoustic Bubble, by T. G. Leighton. Journal of Sound and Vibration. 1994, 174 (5): 709–710. doi:10.1006/jsvi.1994.1305. 
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