TORRO等級
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TORRO等級(英語:TORRO tornado intensity scale,簡寫為T-scale),是一種以等級T0-T11來區分龍捲風強度的評估系統。這個系統是由英國氣象組織「龍捲風與風暴研究組織」(Torro)的Terence Meaden提出的,並可作為蒲福等級的延伸。
T0一般無法對村莊造成危害,而T11表示在人類歷史中觀測到最大強度的龍捲風。
參考文獻
- Grazulis, Thomas P. Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991, A Chronology and Analysis of Events. St. Johnsbury, VT: The Tornado Project of Environmental Films. 1993. ISBN 1-879362-03-1.
- Meaden, G. T. Tornadoes in Britain: Their intensities and distribution in space and time. Journal of Meteorology (UK). 1976, 1 (8): 242–51.
- Meaden, G. T. A study of tornadoes in Britain, with assessments of the general tornado risk potential and the specific risk potential at particular regional sites. Journal of Meteorology (UK). 1985, 8 (79): 151–3.