SMACS J0723.3–7327

SMACS J0723.3–7327
	來自詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠鏡的紅外影像，其第一張深場顯示了引力透鏡下的遙遠星系。
觀測數據（曆元J2000）
星座	飛魚座
赤经	07h 23m 19.5s
赤纬	-73° 27′ 15.6″
紅移	0.390
同移距离	大約40億光年
其它名稱
	PSZ1 G284.97-23.69; PLCKESZ G284.99-23.70
	參見：星系群、星系团、星系團列表
	查; 论; 编;

SMACS J0723.3–7327，通常稱為SMACS 0723，是在南天星座飛魚座內，距離地球40億光年^[2]的一個星系團（RA/Dec = 110.8375, −73.4391667）^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]。它是從地球上的南半球可見的一片天空，經常被哈伯太空望遠鏡和其它望遠鏡觀測到，以尋找遙遠的過去^[2]。它是詹姆斯·韋伯太空望遠鏡（JWST）拍攝的第一張全彩影像的目標，使用{{link-en|NIR相機|NIRCam]]成像，包括譜密度，顯示了被該星團透鏡化的物體，紅移意味著它們有131億年的歷史^[10]。該星系團先前已由哈伯太空望遠鏡（HST）以及普朗克^[11]和錢卓^[12]，作為南天大質量星團調查（英语：MAssive Cluster Survey）（SMACS）的一部分進行了觀測^[13]。

左：HST拍攝的影像（2017年）和右圖：JWST拍攝的圖片（2022年）^[14]

韋伯深場–星系團SMACS J0723.3-7327^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]^[20]。

在2022年，在SMAC 0723的引力透鏡場中，一些當時最古老的大質量星系團在被稱為"火花星系"的一個透鏡星系中被發現^[21]，可能包含第三星族星^{[來源請求]}。

參考資料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Coe, Dan; Salmon, Brett; Bradač, Maruša. RELICS: Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey. Astrophysical Journal. Oct 2019, 884 (1): 85. Bibcode:2019ApJ...884...85C. S2CID 119041205. arXiv:1903.02002 . doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab412b.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Overbye, Dennis; Chang, Kenneth; Tankersley, Jim. Biden and NASA Share First Webb Space Telescope Image. The New York Times. 2022-07-11 [2022-07-12]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）（美国英语）.
^ PSZ1 G284.97-23.69. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文資料中心.
^ PLCKESZ G284.99-23.70. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文資料中心.
^ SMACS J0723.3-7327. NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. [2023-03-07]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）.
^ WRAL. SMACS J0723.3-7327. WRAL.com. 2022-07-10 [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）（英语）.
^ Astronomers eagerly await first images from the James Webb Space Telescope. CBS News. July 11, 2022 [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2022-09-26）（美国英语）.
^ SRELICS. irsa.ipac.caltech.edu. [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）.
^ RELICS: Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey. archive.stsci.edu. [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-05）（英语）.
^ Webb's First Deep Field (NIRSpec MSA Emission Spectra). WebbTelescope.org. [14 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-07）（英语）.
^ PSZ1 G284.97-23.69. simbad.u-strasbg.fr. [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-26）.
^ CXC-DS. Chandra Data Archive: Search Results. Chandra X-ray Center/SAO. 2015. doi:10.25574/15296.
^ Repp, A.; Ebeling, H. Science from a glimpse: Hubble SNAPshot observations of massive galaxy clusters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Sep 2018, 479 (1): 844–864. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.479..844R. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1489.
^ Chow, Denise; Wu, Jiachuan. Photos: How pictures from the Webb telescope compare to Hubble's - NASA's $10 billion telescope peers deeper into space than ever, revealing previously undetectable details in the cosmos.. NBC News. 12 July 2022 [16 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-15）.
^ Garner, Rob. NASA's Webb Delivers Deepest Infrared Image of Universe Yet. NASA. 11 July 2022 [12 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于12 July 2022）.
^ Overbye, Dennis; Chang, Kenneth; Tankersley, Jim. Biden and NASA Share First Webb Space Telescope Image – From the White House on Monday, humanity got its first glimpse of what the observatory in space has been seeing: a cluster of early galaxies.. The New York Times. 11 July 2022 [12 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于12 July 2022）.
^ Pacucci, Fabio. How Taking Pictures of 'Nothing' Changed Astronomy - Deep-field images of "empty" regions of the sky from Webb and other space telescopes are revealing more of the universe than we ever thought possible. Scientific American. 15 July 2022 [16 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-16）.
^ Deliso, Meredith; Longo, Meredith; Rothenberg, Nicolas. Hubble vs. James Webb telescope images: See the difference. ABC News. 14 July 2022 [15 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-15）.
^ Kooser, Amanda. Hubble and James Webb Space Telescope Images Compared: See the Difference - The James Webb Space Telescope builds on Hubble's legacy with stunning new views of the cosmos.. CNET. 13 July 2012 [16 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-17）.
^ Atkinson, Nancy. Now, We can Finally Compare Webb to Other Infrared Observatories. Universe Today. 2 May 2022 [12 May 2022]. （原始内容存档于10 May 2022）.
^ Robert Lea. James Webb Space Telescope spots 'Sparkler Galaxy' that could host universe's 1st stars. SPACE.com. 29 September 2022 [2023-03-07]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-07）.

外部連結

SMACS J0723.3-7327 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） STScI. Hubble Legacy Archive website
NASA’s Webb Delivers Deepest Infrared Image of Universe Yet （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） NASA Press release

[coe2019-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Coe, Dan; Salmon, Brett; Bradač, Maruša. RELICS: Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey. Astrophysical Journal. Oct 2019, 884 (1): 85. Bibcode:2019ApJ...884...85C. S2CID 119041205. arXiv:1903.02002 . doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab412b.

[Overbye-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Overbye, Dennis; Chang, Kenneth; Tankersley, Jim. Biden and NASA Share First Webb Space Telescope Image. The New York Times. 2022-07-11 [2022-07-12]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）（美国英语）.

[SIMBADsz1-3] PSZ1 G284.97-23.69. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文資料中心.

[SIMBADesz-4] PLCKESZ G284.99-23.70. SIMBAD. 斯特拉斯堡天文資料中心.

[NED-5] SMACS J0723.3-7327. NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. [2023-03-07]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）.

[6] WRAL. SMACS J0723.3-7327. WRAL.com. 2022-07-10 [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）（英语）.

[7] Astronomers eagerly await first images from the James Webb Space Telescope. CBS News. July 11, 2022 [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2022-09-26）（美国英语）.

[8] SRELICS. irsa.ipac.caltech.edu. [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-12）.

[9] RELICS: Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey. archive.stsci.edu. [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-05）（英语）.

[10] Webb's First Deep Field (NIRSpec MSA Emission Spectra). WebbTelescope.org. [14 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-07）（英语）.

[11] PSZ1 G284.97-23.69. simbad.u-strasbg.fr. [2022-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-26）.

[12] CXC-DS. Chandra Data Archive: Search Results. Chandra X-ray Center/SAO. 2015. doi:10.25574/15296.

[repp2018-13] Repp, A.; Ebeling, H. Science from a glimpse: Hubble SNAPshot observations of massive galaxy clusters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Sep 2018, 479 (1): 844–864. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.479..844R. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1489.

[NBC-20220712-14] Chow, Denise; Wu, Jiachuan. Photos: How pictures from the Webb telescope compare to Hubble's - NASA's $10 billion telescope peers deeper into space than ever, revealing previously undetectable details in the cosmos.. NBC News. 12 July 2022 [16 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-15）.

[NASA-20220711-15] Garner, Rob. NASA's Webb Delivers Deepest Infrared Image of Universe Yet. NASA. 11 July 2022 [12 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于12 July 2022）.

[NYT-20220711-16] Overbye, Dennis; Chang, Kenneth; Tankersley, Jim. Biden and NASA Share First Webb Space Telescope Image – From the White House on Monday, humanity got its first glimpse of what the observatory in space has been seeing: a cluster of early galaxies.. The New York Times. 11 July 2022 [12 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于12 July 2022）.

[SA-202207-17] Pacucci, Fabio. How Taking Pictures of 'Nothing' Changed Astronomy - Deep-field images of "empty" regions of the sky from Webb and other space telescopes are revealing more of the universe than we ever thought possible. Scientific American. 15 July 2022 [16 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-16）.

[ABC-20220714-18] Deliso, Meredith; Longo, Meredith; Rothenberg, Nicolas. Hubble vs. James Webb telescope images: See the difference. ABC News. 14 July 2022 [15 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-15）.

[CNET-20120713-19] Kooser, Amanda. Hubble and James Webb Space Telescope Images Compared: See the Difference - The James Webb Space Telescope builds on Hubble's legacy with stunning new views of the cosmos.. CNET. 13 July 2012 [16 July 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-17）.

[UT-20220502-20] Atkinson, Nancy. Now, We can Finally Compare Webb to Other Infrared Observatories. Universe Today. 2 May 2022 [12 May 2022]. （原始内容存档于10 May 2022）.

[Space-20220929-21] Robert Lea. James Webb Space Telescope spots 'Sparkler Galaxy' that could host universe's 1st stars. SPACE.com. 29 September 2022 [2023-03-07]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-07）.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]