NGC 4312 是一个位于后发座 的螺旋星系 ，距离地球5500万光年 [3] [2] 威廉·赫歇爾 发现，[4] 室女座星系團 [5] [6] [7] 低電離星系核 .[8] 衝壓力 [9] 中等質量黑洞 ，质量在一万到三十万太阳质量 之间[10]
参见 参考
^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database . Results for NGC 4312. [2019-08-22 ] . （原始内容存档 于2000-10-19）. ^ 2.0 2.1 Hughes, T. M.; Boissier, S.; Buat, V.; Ciesla, L.; Gavazzi, G.; Fossati, M.; Boselli, A. Hα imaging of the Herschel Reference Survey - The star formation properties of a volume-limited, K-band-selected sample of nearby late-type galaxies . Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2015-07-01, 579 : A102 [2023-02-23 ] . Bibcode:2015A&A...579A.102B ISSN 0004-6361 arXiv:1504.01876 doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525712 存档 于2022-08-13） （英语） . ^ Your NED Search Results . ned.ipac.caltech.edu. [2019-08-22 ] . （原始内容存档 于2022-12-01）. ^ New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4300 - 4349 . cseligman.com. [2019-08-19 ] . （原始内容存档 于2023-05-01）. ^ Binggeli, B.; Sandage, A.; Tammann, G. A. Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II - A catalog of 2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area.. The Astronomical Journal. 1985-09-01, 90 : 1681–1759. Bibcode:1985AJ.....90.1681B ISSN 0004-6256 doi:10.1086/113874 ^ Buta, Ronald J.; Sheth, Kartik; Athanassoula, E. ; Bosma, A.; Knapen, Johan H.; Laurikainen, Eija; Salo, Heikki; Elmegreen, Debra; Ho, Luis C. A Classical Morphological Analysis of Galaxies in the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G). The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 2015-04-01, 217 (2): 32. Bibcode:2015ApJS..217...32B ISSN 0067-0049 S2CID 119202943 arXiv:1501.00454 doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/32 ^ Detailed Object Classifications . ned.ipac.caltech.edu. [2019-08-22 ] . （原始内容存档 于2022-12-01）. ^ Colpi, M.; Bonfanti, C.; Boselli, A.; Cortese, L.; Arosio, I.; Gavazzi, G.; Decarli, R. The census of nuclear activity of late-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2007-07-06, 381 (1): 136–150. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.381..136D arXiv:0707.0999 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12208.x （英语） . ^ Palous, J.; Taylor, R.; Jachym, P.; Koppen, J. Ram Pressure Stripping Made Easy: An Analytical Approach. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2018-06-15, 479 (4): 4367–4390. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.479.4367K S2CID 119245255 arXiv:1806.05887 doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1610 （英语） . ^ Davis, Benjamin L.; Soria, Roberto; Graham, Alister W. Expected intermediate mass black holes in the Virgo cluster. II. Late-type galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2019, 484 (1): 814. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.484..814G S2CID 119303249 arXiv:1811.03232 doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3068 （英语） .
外部链接 
. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525712 
