2014年南納帕地震

**2014年南納帕地震**
	Napa
日期	2014年8月24日
發生時間	3:20:44 a.m. PDT
震级	6.0 Mw
震源深度	10.7 km（7 mi）
震中	38°12′50″N 122°19′08″W / 38.214°N 122.319°W坐标：38°12′50″N 122°19′08″W / 38.214°N 122.319°W
影響地區	美國北加州舊金山灣區
最大烈度	IX
余震	有
傷亡	大約200人受傷

2014年南納帕地震（2014 South Napa earthquake）是2014年8月24日上午3:20分（PDT）發生在美利堅峽谷附近的地震，地震強度矩震級6.0，震央在美利堅峽谷西北約3.7英里（6.0公里），靠近西納帕斷層（英语：West Napa Fault）^[2]^[4]。

這次地震是1989年洛馬普列塔地震以來襲擊舊金山灣區最嚴重的地震^[5]^[6]。這次地震除了對納帕郡南部造成重大災情和火警外，在鄰近索拉諾郡的瓦列霍市亦傳出災害。約200人在地震中受傷 ^[3]，約69,000戶停電^[7]。一具實驗中的地震警告系統在地震前對地震學家發出警訊^[8]。

地震

這次地震主震強度為矩震級6.0，地震深度10.7公里^[2]。美國地質調查局估計約15,000人感受到劇烈搖晃，106,000人感受到非常強的搖晃，176,000人感受到強的搖晃，738,000感受到中等程度的搖晃^[5]。地震持續時間依地點不同約10到20秒^[9]，且至少有五次規模2.6到3.6的餘震^[5]，是1989年矩震級6.9的洛馬普列塔地震以來灣區最大的地震^[9]。因地震造成的嚴重災和可能的餘震，州長傑瑞·布朗在地震後宣佈該州進入緊急狀態^[7]。

人員受傷

約200名傷者在山谷皇后醫學中心（英语：Queen of the Valley Medical Center (Napa, California)）^[3]，13名傷者需留院觀察^[10]，大部份受到建築物掉落殘骸造成的擦傷和撕裂傷^[5]；至少6人傷勢嚴重^[10]。

財物損害

此次地震造成納帕市中心部份建築受到嚴重損害^[5]。公用事業方面，至少69,000人沒電可用^[7]（包括在納帕市的27,000人^[3]），至少30處水管破裂，與至少100件瓦斯漏氣與電線墜落。這次地震亦造成6起嚴重火警^[5]。

地震預警

一具由柏克萊地震實驗室（Berkeley Seismological Laboratory）研發的地震預警系統在地震發生前10秒發出警訊。這類預警系統將可讓人在地震前尋找掩蔽以避免掉落物品造成的傷害^[8]。

參考資料

^ Preliminary earthquake report (nc72282711). U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California, U.C. Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, Berkeley, California. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-26）（英语）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 M6.0 - 6km NW of American Canyon, California. 美國地質調查局. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-24）（英语）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Moore, Derek; Rossmann, Randi. Napa's people, buildings hit hard by 6.0 earthquake. 聖塔羅莎: The Press democrat. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）. Queen of the Valley Medical Center in Napa treated about 200 people by Sunday evening, ... About 27,000 people in the city of Napa and 15,400 in the city of Sonoma lost power, according to PG&E. The outages affected 6,000 customers in west Santa Rosa due to wires down near Piner and Fulton roads, 3,300 customers in Rohnert Park and 4,800 in Sonoma.
^ 美加州舊金山灣區發生6級地震近百人受傷. BBC中文網. 2014-08-26 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-26）（中文（繁體））.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 Levs, Josh; Capelouto, Susanna; Berlinger, Joshua. Northern California earthquake is area's strongest in 25 years. CNN. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）.
^ Christie, Jim. Quake rocks California wine country, dozens injured. 路透社. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Lazo, Alejandro; Campoy, Ana. Recovery Efforts, Repairs Start in California After Earthquake. 華爾街日報. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Experimental warning system gave 10-second alert before California earthquake. CBS新聞. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）.
^ ^9.0 ^9.1 Romney, Lee; Parker, Ryan; Mai-Duc, Christine; Raab, Lauren. After earthquake near Napa, up to 100 homes labeled unfit to enter. 洛杉磯時報. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-26）（英语）. The main quake damaged buildings, cut off power to tens of thousands, sparked fires, broke water mains, caused gas leaks, sent more than 120 people to a hospital and led Gov. Jerry Brown to declare a state of emergency.
^ ^10.0 ^10.1 KGO-TV（英语：KGO-TV） report from Queen of the Valley Medical Center, 4:45 pm

[seismo-1] Preliminary earthquake report (nc72282711). U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California, U.C. Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, Berkeley, California. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-26）（英语）.

[usgs-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 M6.0 - 6km NW of American Canyon, California. 美國地質調查局. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-24）（英语）.

[PD-NPB-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Moore, Derek; Rossmann, Randi. Napa's people, buildings hit hard by 6.0 earthquake. 聖塔羅莎: The Press democrat. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）. Queen of the Valley Medical Center in Napa treated about 200 people by Sunday evening, ... About 27,000 people in the city of Napa and 15,400 in the city of Sonoma lost power, according to PG&E. The outages affected 6,000 customers in west Santa Rosa due to wires down near Piner and Fulton roads, 3,300 customers in Rohnert Park and 4,800 in Sonoma.

[BBC-28918600-4] 美加州舊金山灣區發生6級地震近百人受傷. BBC中文網. 2014-08-26 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-26）（中文（繁體））.

[cnn-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 Levs, Josh; Capelouto, Susanna; Berlinger, Joshua. Northern California earthquake is area's strongest in 25 years. CNN. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）.

[reuters-6] Christie, Jim. Quake rocks California wine country, dozens injured. 路透社. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）.

[wsj_14:23_ET-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Lazo, Alejandro; Campoy, Ana. Recovery Efforts, Repairs Start in California After Earthquake. 華爾街日報. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）.

[cbs-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Experimental warning system gave 10-second alert before California earthquake. CBS新聞. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-25）（英语）.

[latimes.lanow-9] 9.0 ^9.1 Romney, Lee; Parker, Ryan; Mai-Duc, Christine; Raab, Lauren. After earthquake near Napa, up to 100 homes labeled unfit to enter. 洛杉磯時報. 2014-08-24 [2014-08-26]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-26）（英语）. The main quake damaged buildings, cut off power to tens of thousands, sparked fires, broke water mains, caused gas leaks, sent more than 120 people to a hospital and led Gov. Jerry Brown to declare a state of emergency.

[kgo7_4:45_PDT-10] 10.0 ^10.1 KGO-TV（英语：KGO-TV） report from Queen of the Valley Medical Center, 4:45 pm

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