犀鳥目 (學名 :Bucerotiformes )是鳥綱下的一個目,包括犀鳥 、地犀鳥 、戴勝 及林戴勝 等物種。[ 1]
系統發生學
在過去,本目下的兩種主要鳥類——戴勝及犀鳥皆為佛法僧目 下的科。[ 2] 但自2000年代左右起,不少研究開始發現其關係與翠鳥 等佛法僧鳥類關係較遠,並因此建議將其自佛法僧目中獨立。[ 3] [ 4] [ 5] 但該兩種鳥類分出後,一度被視為兩個目,即戴勝目(Upupiformes )及犀鳥目,到了2008年的研究才將這兩個目合併為現在的犀鳥目。[ 1] [ 6] [ 7]
有研究提議犀鳥科 中的噪犀鳥屬 與地犀鳥科 關係較近並認為應該前者歸於後者之下;這演化支代表早期的非洲世系,而其他則代表亞洲世系。[ 8]
佛法僧總目
鼠鳥目 Coliiformes
穴鳥類
鵑鴗目 Leptosomatiformes
真穴鳥類
咬鹃目 Trogoniformes
鴷翠鳥類
Picocoraciae
Eucavitaves
Cavitaves
Coraciimorphae
本目現在下屬兩個亞目,分別是以戴勝為主的戴勝亞目 (Upupi )及以犀鳥為主的犀鳥亞目 (Buceroti )。[ 9] [ 10] 以下是根據2013年及2019年資料繪製的支序圖 :[ 11]
形態學
犀鳥與戴勝耳柱骨 形狀相差甚遠,其中前者有直棒狀的軸,而後者形狀則類似於鐵鎚。[ 10] [ 12]
下屬分類
绿林戴胜 Phoeniculus purpureus
戴勝 ,分佈極廣泛的一種本目物種
雙角犀鳥 ,其巨大如犀牛般的啄部是犀鳥科鳥類的特徵
馬來犀鳥
目前犀鳥目下劃分為兩個亞目,而根據世界鳥類學家聯合會 之名錄,其下現有4科19屬。[ 1] [ 9] 並還有兩科的化石物種被歸於其下。[ 13] [ 14]
戴勝亞目 Upupi
戴勝科 Upupidae
林戴勝科 Phoeniculidae
犀鳥亞目 Buceroti
地犀鳥科 Bucorvidae
犀鳥科 Bucerotidae
† Laurillardiidae
† 买撒里丝鸟科 Messelirrisoridae
參考資料
^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 International Ornithologists' Union . Gill, Frank ; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela , 编. IOC World Bird List 14.1 . [2023-12-20 ] (英语) .
^ 赵正阶. 申桂兰 , 编. 中国鸟类志 上卷 非雀形目. 長春: 吉林科学技术出版社. 2001-06: 17. ISBN 7-5384-2407-5 (中文(中国大陆)) .
^ Jarvis, Erich D.; Mirarab, Siavash; Aberer, Andre J.; Li, Bo; Houde, Peter; Li, Cai; Ho, Simon Y. W.; Faircloth, Brant C.; Nabholz, Benoit; Howard, Jason T.; Suh, Alexander; Weber, Claudia C.; da Fonseca, Rute R.; Li, Jianwen; Zhang, Fang; Li, Hui; Zhou, Long; Narula, Nitish; Liu, Liang; Ganapathy, Ganesh; Boussau, Bastien; Bayzid, Md. Shamsuzzoha; Zavidovych, Volodymyr; Subramanian, Sankar; Gabaldón, Toni; Capella-Gutiérrez, Salvador; Huerta-Cepas, Jaime; Rekepalli, Bhanu; Munch, Kasper; Schierup, Mikkel; Lindow, Bent; Warren, Wesley C.; Ray, David; Green, Richard E.; Bruford, Michael W.; Zhan, Xiangjiang; Dixon, Andrew; Li, Shengbin; Li, Ning; Huang, Yinhua; Derryberry, Elizabeth P.; Bertelsen, Mads Frost; Sheldon, Frederick H.; Brumfield, Robb T.; Mello, Claudio V.; Lovell, Peter V.; Wirthlin, Morgan; Schneider, Maria Paula Cruz; Prosdocimi, Francisco; Samaniego, José Alfredo; Velazquez, Amhed Missael Vargas; Alfaro-Núñez, Alonzo; Campos, Paula F.; Petersen, Bent; Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas; Pas, An; Bailey, Tom; Scofield, Paul; Bunce, Michael; Lambert, David M.; Zhou, Qi; Perelman, Polina; Driskell, Amy C.; Shapiro, Beth; Xiong, Zijun; Zeng, Yongli; Liu, Shiping; Li, Zhenyu; Liu, Binghang; Wu, Kui; Xiao, Jin; Yinqi, Xiong; Zheng, Qiuemei; Zhang, Yong; Yang, Huanming; Wang, Jian; Smeds, Linnea; Rheindt, Frank E.; Braun, Michael; Fjeldsa, Jon; Orlando, Ludovic; Barker, F. Keith; Jønsson, Knud Andreas; Johnson, Warren; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; O’Brien, Stephen; Haussler, David; Ryder, Oliver A.; Rahbek, Carsten; Willerslev, Eske; Graves, Gary R.; Glenn, Travis C.; McCormack, John; Burt, Dave; Ellegren, Hans; Alström, Per; Edwards, Scott V.; Stamatakis, Alexandros; Mindell, David P.; Cracraft, Joel; Braun, Edward L.; Warnow, Tandy; Jun, Wang; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Zhang, Guojie. Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds . Science. 2014-12-12, 346 (6215): 1320–1331 [2024-04-09 ] . ISSN 0036-8075 . doi:10.1126/science.1253451 (英语) .
^ Yuri, Tamaki; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Harshman, John; Bowie, Rauri C. K.; Braun, Michael J.; Chojnowski, Jena L.; Han, Kin-Lan; Hackett, Shannon J.; Huddleston, Christopher J.; Moore, William S.; Reddy, Sushma; Sheldon, Frederick H.; Steadman, David W.; Witt, Christopher C.; Braun, Edward L. Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals . Biology. 2013-03, 2 (1): 419–444 [2024-04-09 ] . ISSN 2079-7737 . doi:10.3390/biology2010419 (英语) .
^ Johansson, Ulf S.; Ericson, Per G. P. Molecular support for a sister group relationship between Pici and Galbulae (Piciformes sensu Wetmore 1960) . Journal of Avian Biology. 2003-06, 34 (2): 185–197 [2024-04-09 ] . ISSN 0908-8857 . doi:10.1034/j.1600-048X.2003.03103.x (英语) .
^ Hackett, Shannon J.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Reddy, Sushma; Bowie, Rauri C. K.; Braun, Edward L.; Braun, Michael J.; Chojnowski, Jena L.; Cox, W. Andrew; Han, Kin-Lan; Harshman, John; Huddleston, Christopher J.; Marks, Ben D.; Miglia, Kathleen J.; Moore, William S.; Sheldon, Frederick H.; Steadman, David W.; Witt, Christopher C.; Yuri, Tamaki. A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History . Science. 2008-06-27, 320 (5884): 1763–1768 [2024-04-09 ] . ISSN 0036-8075 . doi:10.1126/science.1157704 (英语) .
^ Ksepka, Daniel; Clarke, Julia. Phylogenetically vetted and stratigraphically constrained fossil calibrations within Aves (PDF) . Palaeontologia Electronica. 2015-03-21 [2024-04-09 ] . doi:10.26879/373 .
^ Woodruff, D. S. & Srikwan, S. 2011. Molecular genetics and the conservation of hornbills in fragmented landscapes. In Poonswad, P. (ed) The Asian Hornbills: Ecology and Conservation. National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Bangkok, pp. 257-264.
^ 9.0 9.1 Birds: Bucerotiformes . BirdGuides. [2024-04-09 ] (英语) .
^ 10.0 10.1 Peacock, John; Spellman, Garth M.; Field, Daniel J.; Mason, Matthew J.; Mayr, Gerald. Comparative morphology of the avian bony columella . The Anatomical Record. 2024-05, 307 (5): 1735–1763 [2024-04-09 ] . ISSN 1932-8486 . doi:10.1002/ar.25278 (英语) .
^ Bucerotiformes . bird-phylogeny. [2024-04-09 ] (德语) .
^ Feduccia, Alan. The Bony Stapes in the Upupidae and Phoeniculidae: Evidence for Common Ancestry . The Wilson Bulletin. 1975, 87 (3): 416–417 [2024-04-09 ] . ISSN 0043-5643 .
^ Mayr, Gerald. Tiny Hoopoe-Like Birds From the Middle Eocene of Messel (Germany) . The Auk. 2000-10-01, 117 (4): 964–970 [2024-04-09 ] . doi:10.1093/auk/117.4.964 (英语) .
^ Mayr, Gerald; Bochenski, Zbigniew M.; Tomek, Teresa; Wertz, Krzysztof; Bienkowska-Wasiluk, Małgorzata; Manegold, Albrecht. Skeletons from the early Oligocene of Poland fill a significant temporal gap in the fossil record of upupiform birds (hoopoes and allies) . Historical Biology. 2020-10-20, 32 (9): 1163–1175 [2024-04-09 ] . ISSN 0891-2963 . doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1570507 (英语) .
外部連結