阪崎腸桿菌
(重定向自阪崎氏肠杆菌)
阪崎腸桿菌![]() | |
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科学分类 ![]() | |
域: | 细菌域 Bacteria |
界: | 细菌界 Bacteria |
门: | 假單胞菌門 Pseudomonadota |
纲: | γ-變形菌綱 Gammaproteobacteria |
目: | 肠杆菌目 Enterobacterales |
科: | 肠杆菌科 Enterobacteriaceae |
属: | 克罗诺杆菌属 Cronobacter |
种: | 阪崎腸桿菌 C. sakazakii
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二名法 | |
Cronobacter sakazakii (Farmer et al. 1980)[1]
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阪崎腸桿菌(學名:Cronobacter sakazakii)屬於腸桿菌科克洛诺菌属,舊屬腸桿菌屬,2007年獲《國際系統及演化微生物學期刊》(International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology)的確認,現時已連同其他新發現的細菌獨立成為一個新的屬克洛诺菌属(Cronobacter)[2][3],以日本細菌學家坂崎利一(坂崎 利一)的姓氏命名。牠是一種革蘭氏陰性菌、兼性厭氧生物及呈棒狀的細菌。
致病
克洛诺菌属之下的大多數物種都是成人的病原,會使宿主免疫受損的機會性感染細菌。雖然偶爾會令幼童感染,但其感染後的死亡率很高(達40–80%)[4][5][6]。
在嬰兒可引起菌血症、腦膜炎和壞死性小腸結腸炎。有些新生兒受阪崎腸桿菌感染的原因發現與使用受污染的嬰幼兒配方奶粉相關[4][6], 有些菌種甚至還可以在乾燥的狀態下生存兩年以上[7]。不過,阪崎腸桿菌可被高溫殺滅,所以世衛建議沖泡配方奶粉時應用攝氏70度的熱水來調開,然後再加入冷開水降溫[8]。
然而並非所有個案都與受污染的嬰兒配方奶粉相關。2011年11月,高潔絲(Kotex)衛生棉條的多個批次產品由於受阪崎腸桿菌污染而要收回[9]。
參考文獻
- ^ Farmer JJ III, Asbury MA, Hickman FW, Brenner DJ, the Enterobacteriaceae Study Group (USA). Enterobacter sakazakii: a new species of "Enterobacteriaceae" isolated from clinical specimens. IJSEM. 1980, 30 (3): 569–84. doi:10.1099/00207713-30-3-569.
- ^ Iversen C, Mullane N, Barbara McCardell; et al. Cronobacter gen. nov., a new genus to accommodate the biogroups of Enterobacter sakazakii, and proposal of Cronobacter sakazakii gen. nov. comb. nov., C. malonaticus sp. nov., C. turicensis sp. nov., C. muytjensii sp. nov., C. dublinensis sp. nov., Cronobacter genomospecies 1, and of three subspecies, C. dublinensis sp. nov. subsp. dublinensis subsp. nov., C. dublinensis sp. nov. subsp. lausannensis subsp. nov., and C. dublinensis sp. nov. subsp. lactaridi subsp. nov. IJSEM. 2008-06, 58: 1442–1447. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.65577-0.
- ^ Susan Joseph, Esin Cetinkaya, Hana Drahovska, Arturo Levican, Maria J. Figueras, Stephen J. Forsythe. Cronobactercondimenti sp. nov., isolated from spiced meat, and Cronobacteruniversalis sp. nov., a species designation for Cronobacter sp. genomospecies 1, recovered from a leg infection, water and food ingredients. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2012, 62 (6): 1277–1283 [2018-04-02]. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.032292-0. (原始内容存档于2018-05-22).
- ^ 4.0 4.1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Enterobacter sakazakii infections associated with the use of powdered infant formula--Tennessee, 2001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002, 51 (14): 297–300. PMID 12002167. Free full text (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Lai KK. Enterobacter sakazakii infections among neonates, infants, children, and adults. Case reports and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2001, 80 (2): 113–22. PMID 11307587. doi:10.1097/00005792-200103000-00004.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Bowen AB, Braden CR. Invasive Enterobacter sakazakii disease in infants. Emerging Infect Dis. 2006, 12 (8): 1185–9. PMC 3291213
. PMID 16965695. doi:10.3201/eid1208.051509.
- ^ Caubilla-Barron J & Forsythe S. Dry stress and survival time of Enterobacter sakazakii and other Enterobacteriaceae in dehydrated infant formula. Journal Food Protection. 2007, 13: 467–472.
- ^ ?. 香港衞生署. [2016-02-05]. (原始内容存档于2016-02-17) (中文(繁體)).
- ^ FDA Recall of Kotex Tampons. Seeger Weiss LLP. [2012-02-29]. (原始内容存档于2014-09-05) (英语).
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