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飓风安德鲁是1992年8月重创巴哈马佛罗里达州路易斯安那州的强劲五级飓风,也是有纪录以来对佛罗里达州建筑破坏最严重的飓风,该州经济损失同样创下新纪录。安德鲁刷新登陆美国飓风的强度和破坏程度纪录,是史上四场登陆美国时仍有五级强度的飓风之一。巴哈马和路易斯安那州遭受重大破坏,但风暴以五级飓风强度登陆的南佛罗里达灾情更加严重,一分钟持续风速高达每小时266公里。整场飓风至少摧毁6.35万套房屋,超过12.4万套受损,经济损失高达273亿美元,还夺走65条人命。

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西园寺公经是日本平安时代后期至镰仓时代初期的公卿歌人西园寺家出身,官位是从一位太政大臣,《百人一首》歌人、新三十六歌仙和《新时代不同歌合》歌人,姐夫是同为《百人一首》歌人和新三十六歌仙的藤原定家,公经也是。

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历史上的今天

4月25日世界疟疾日圣马尔谷日基督教)、澳新军团日葡萄牙自由日1974年

1644年
民变领袖李自成率领大顺军队攻入北京城并迫使崇祯帝景山自缢,明朝灭亡。
1859年
法国企业家斐迪南·德·雷赛布主持的苏伊士运河公司开始在埃及开凿苏伊士运河
1974年
葡萄牙军队发动政变推翻马尔塞洛·卡埃塔诺新国家政权,康乃馨革命(图)爆发。
2005年
日本西日本旅客铁道的快速列车在兵库县尼崎市发生出轨事故,造成107人死亡。

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历史上的今天

历史上的今天存档,按月份导航:

4月1日

4月1日愚人节伊朗国庆日1979年

1939年
西班牙将领弗朗西斯科·佛朗哥(图)宣布西班牙内战结束,西班牙第二共和国灭亡。
1976年
美国发明家史蒂夫·乔布斯史蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克等人创立苹果公司,并销售Apple I电脑。
2001年
荷兰正式向同性伴侣开放民事婚姻,为世界上第一个同性婚姻合法化的国家。

4月2日

4月3日

4月3日

1721年
英国辉格党议员罗伯特·沃波尔取得第一财政大臣等职务,被视为首位英国首相
1948年
美国总统哈里·S·杜鲁门签署国会批准的马歇尔计划(图),协助十六个欧洲国家复兴。
2007年
法国国家铁路公司特制的高速列车达到时速574.8公里,创造轮轨列车最快纪录

4月4日

4月4日塞内加尔独立日1960年)、台湾及香港儿童节清明节清明)、世界流浪动物日

1581年
英国女王伊丽莎白一世赐予完成环球航海的弗朗西斯·德雷克皇家爵士头衔。
1841年
美国总统威廉·亨利·哈里森在就职一个月后逝世,引发总统继任问题的宪政危机。
1949年
美国、加拿大和十个欧洲国家签署《北大西洋公约》,建立北大西洋公约组织

4月5日

4月5日

1614年
美洲原住民宝嘉康蒂与英国殖民者约翰·罗尔夫结婚,确立詹姆斯敦地区的和平。
1722年
荷兰西印度公司探险家雅可布·罗赫芬的船队发现位于南太平洋的复活节岛(图)
1879年
智利因为阿塔卡马沙漠矿产问题向秘鲁玻利维亚两国宣战,硝石战争爆发。
1955年
英国首相温斯顿·丘吉尔由于年事已高而宣布退休,安东尼·伊登接任首相职务。

4月6日

4月6日格纹日美国加拿大

1652年
荷兰东印度公司船长扬·范里贝克登陆南非桌湾,并在桌山建立驻扎点开普敦
1782年
暹罗将领拉玛一世利用叛乱发动政变推翻郑昭并自立为国王,建立扎克里王朝
1896年
希腊雅典举行第一届夏季奥林匹克运动会(图)开幕典礼,共有14个国家代表参赛。
1917年
美国国会在总统伍德罗·威尔逊要求下向德国宣战,正式参与第一次世界大战
2009年
义大利中部阿布鲁佐大区首府拉奎拉发生MW 6.3级地震,造成308人死亡。

4月7日

4月7日世界卫生日耶稣受难日西方基督教)、台湾言论自由日

529年
东罗马帝国皇帝查士丁尼一世(图)颁布罗马法民法大全》的第一部分《法典》。
1348年
波希米亚国王查理四世宣布设立波希米亚王冠领地,并在布拉格建立查理大学
1795年
法兰西共和国国民公会通过定义计量单位法案,逐步在各个省份实施公制
1948年
联合国建立公共卫生专门机构世界卫生组织布罗克·奇泽姆为首任总干事。

4月8日

4月8日

217年
罗马禁卫军卫士在哈兰附近暗杀皇帝卡拉卡拉,执政官马克里努斯被拥立为皇帝
1904年
英国法国两国签订一系列的《英法协约》,双方停止争夺海外殖民地的冲突
2005年
梵蒂冈举行教宗若望保禄二世的遗体告别仪式,并安葬在圣伯多禄大殿地下墓地。

4月9日

4月9日菲律宾巴丹日

1865年
美利坚联盟国总司令罗伯特·李向联邦总司令尤利塞斯·格兰特投降,南北战争(图)结束。
1948年
锡安主义组织伊尔贡莱希耶路撒冷附近村落发动大屠杀,造成107人死亡。
2003年
以美国为首的多国部队成功占领伊拉克首都巴格达,结束萨达姆·侯赛因的独裁统治。

4月10日

4月10日

1912年
英国白星航运皇家邮轮泰坦尼克号离开南安普敦展开首航,预定目的地为美国纽约
1998年
爱尔兰和英国在贝尔法斯特签署《贝尔法斯特协议》,推动北爱尔兰和平进程
2010年
波兰总统莱赫·卡钦斯基(图)专机在俄罗斯斯摩棱斯克降落时坠毁,造成机上96人死亡。

4月11日

4月12日

4月13日

4月13日泼水节泰国寮国柬埔寨缅甸

710年
日本元明天皇将都城由藤原京迁往平城京,正式从飞鸟时代进入奈良时代
1598年
法国国王亨利四世签署颁布《南特敕令》,承认胡格诺派教徒的信仰自由。
1742年
德国作曲家乔治·弗里德里希·亨德尔(图)的清唱剧《弥赛亚》在爱尔兰都柏林首演。
1829年
英国议会通过的《天主教解放法案》正式颁布,解除对天主教会信徒的限制。

4月14日

4月14日

69年
支持罗马将领维特里乌斯的军队在贝德里亚库姆战役中击败皇帝奥托的军队。
1912年
英国白星航运皇家邮轮泰坦尼克号纽芬兰岛附近与冰山发生擦撞,并在隔日沉没

4月15日

4月15日朝鲜太阳节夏威夷达米盎神父日中华人民共和国全民国家安全教育日

1755年
英国作家塞缪尔·约翰逊编撰的《约翰逊字典》出版,为最具影响力的英语字典之一。
1989年
英国谢菲尔德希尔斯堡球场举行的英格兰足总杯球赛发生踩踏事故,造成97人死亡。
2019年
法国首都巴黎巴黎圣母院发生严重大火(图),造成木质结构屋顶完全被烧毁。

4月16日

4月16日复活节东方基督教)、丹麦玛格丽特二世诞辰

73年
第一次犹太–罗马战争期间,罗马帝国军队攻占犹太起义军的最后据点马萨达
1520年
卡斯蒂利亚王国反对派发动营救女王胡安娜公社起义,并主张废黜查理五世
1917年
俄罗斯革命家弗拉迪米尔·列宁(图)从瑞士返回彼得格勒,并领导布尔什维克革命。
2007年
韩裔美国学生赵承熙弗吉尼亚理工学院暨州立大学发动枪击案,造成33人死亡。

4月17日

4月17日世界血友病日

1492年
西班牙天主教双王和探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布签署资助探险的《圣塔菲协议》。
1521年
神圣罗马皇帝查理五世传唤马丁·路德出席沃尔姆斯议会,要求后者说明其观点。
1797年
威尼斯共和国维罗纳爆发反对法兰西共和国军队的反抗行动,但最终失败。
1895年
大日本帝国清朝代表在山口县赤间关签署《马关条约(图)甲午战争结束。
1961年
流亡美国的古巴第2506旅猪湾发动入侵行动,试图推翻菲德尔·卡斯特罗政府。

4月18日

4月18日津巴布韦独立日1980年

1025年
波兰大公波列斯瓦夫一世格涅兹诺加冕成为第一位波兰国王,建立波兰王国
1506年
旧圣伯多禄大殿的基础上,教宗儒略二世下令在梵蒂冈兴建圣伯多禄大殿(图)
1689年
光荣革命期间,波士顿殖民地居民发起反抗新英格兰自治领起义行动
1906年
美国西部加利福尼亚州旧金山地区发生MW 7.9级大地震,造成3,000多人死亡。
1951年
法国、西德、义大利和比荷卢联盟签订《巴黎条约》,建立欧洲煤钢共同体

4月19日

4月19日

1506年
葡萄牙里斯本开始对皈依天主教会犹太人展开大屠杀,造成4,000多人死亡。
1775年
英国军队和美洲殖民地民军在麻萨诸塞湾省发生武装冲突美国独立战争爆发。
1839年
欧洲多个国家在英国签署《伦敦条约》,承认比利时荷兰联合王国正式独立
2005年
在教宗若望保禄二世逝世后,教宗选举秘密会议选举本笃十六世(图)为新任教宗。

4月20日

4月21日

4月21日

1509年
英格兰国王亨利七世里奇蒙宫因病逝世,其后次子亨利八世继承王位。
1782年
扎克里王朝国王拉玛一世将首都从吞武里迁至昭披耶河东岸,并建立新城市曼谷
1836年
德克萨斯共和国军队在圣哈辛托战役中击败墨西哥军队,德克萨斯独立战争结束。
1960年
巴西政府将首都从里约热内卢迁往由建筑师卢西奥·科斯塔规划的新市镇巴西利亚(图)
1960年
希腊军官乔治斯·帕帕佐普洛斯等人发动军事政变夺取政权,其后建立希腊军政府

4月22日

4月22日世界地球日开斋节伊斯兰教

353年
东晋书法家王羲之谢安孙绰等名士举办集会,其后为此撰写《兰亭集序》。
1370年
为了防御英国军队进攻,法国国王查理五世下令在巴黎兴建防御工事巴士底
1500年
葡萄牙探险家佩德罗·卡布拉尔率领的船队到达巴西(图),并宣布该地属于葡萄牙
1915年
德国军队在第二次伊珀尔战役使用氯气攻击协约国联军,为首次大规模化学武器攻击。

4月23日

4月23日世界图书与版权日圣乔治日土耳其儿童节

1348年
英格兰国王爱德华三世创建嘉德勋章(图)制度,为英国荣誉体系级别最高的骑士勋章
1827年
爱尔兰物理学家威廉·哈密顿发表论文《光线系统理论》,建立光学的数学理论。
2005年
美国工程师贾德·卡林姆在影音分享网站YouTube上传第一支视频《我在动物园》。

4月24日

4月25日

4月25日世界疟疾日圣马尔谷日基督教)、澳新军团日葡萄牙自由日1974年

1644年
民变领袖李自成率领大顺军队攻入北京城并迫使崇祯帝景山自缢,明朝灭亡。
1859年
法国企业家斐迪南·德·雷赛布主持的苏伊士运河公司开始在埃及开凿苏伊士运河
1974年
葡萄牙军队发动政变推翻马尔塞洛·卡埃塔诺新国家政权,康乃馨革命(图)爆发。
2005年
日本西日本旅客铁道的快速列车在兵库县尼崎市发生出轨事故,造成107人死亡。

4月26日

4月27日

4月27日多哥独立日1960年)、塞拉利昂独立日1961年)、荷兰国王日

1521年
菲律宾部落酋长拉普拉普麦克坦岛战役中杀死葡萄牙探险家费尔南多·麦哲伦(图)
1667年
英国诗人约翰·弥尔顿将其作品《失乐园》著作权以10英镑的价格卖给出版商。
1810年
德国作曲家路德维希·范·贝多芬创作a小调回旋曲《致爱丽丝》,但未公开发表。
1994年
纳尔逊·曼德拉领导的非洲人国民大会在南非首次普遍选举中取得压倒性胜利。
2005年
空中客车研发的空中客车A380在法国图卢兹成功试飞,为全球体积最大的客机。

4月28日

4月29日

4月29日世界舞蹈日日本昭和之日

1429年
百年战争期间,法国民族英雄贞德(图)率领军队进入遭到英国军队包围奥尔良
1770年
英国探险家詹姆士·库克指挥的努力号三桅帆船抵达植物学湾,并首次登陆澳大利亚
1882年
德国发明家维尔纳·冯·西门子柏林市郊公开展示其发明的世界首辆无轨电车
1992年
由于殴打罗德尼·金的警察被判无罪,美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶爆发大规模种族暴动

4月30日


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维基百科的优良条目

优良条目是我们认为质量令人满意,但未达特色标准的条目。优良条目满足优良条目标准,并成功通过优良条目评选。简而言之,它们编写得非常有条理,内容真实准确且信息可供查证、覆盖面广泛、观点中立、内容稳定,且在可能情况下,遵守版权地配以切题图像。优良条目无须和特色条目一样全面,但它们不应缺失主题的主要事实:可参看一篇更详细比照优良条目与特色条目标准差异的文章。

目前,维基百科共有1,415,944篇条目,其中3,049篇为优良条目(约每464篇条目中有一篇)。此外,我们还有1,010篇特色条目(约每1,402篇条目中有一篇)和480篇特色列表(约每2,950篇中有一篇)。全部优良和特色内容合计有4,539篇(约每312篇中有一篇)。优良条目页面的右上角会标示圆形十字标记(这个记号标记维基百科优良条目)。如果优良条目已经升级为特色条目或特色列表,应该从下表中移除。

将条目列为优良条目的过程相当简单。如果您认为您发现或贡献的条目满足优良条目标准,您可以在优良条目评选页面提名条目,让公正的评审者评定,以决定条目能否成为优良条目。另外,如您某一优良条目已不满足优良条目标准,您可以通过评选页面提出重选。如果重选无法通过,条目会被除名。如果条目提名失败或被除名,评审者和除名者应当给与解释以及可能的改进建议。

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