伊努克提图特语
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伊努克提图特语 | |
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ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ | |
![]() 在北极圈地区各种因纽特语方言的分布情形。其中东因纽特语分布在哈得逊湾以东的地方,包括巴芬岛南部的深蓝色,红色和粉红色,西北格陵兰岛的棕色。 | |
母语国家和地区 | ![]() |
区域 | 西北地方、努纳齐亚福特(纽芬兰与拉布拉多)、努纳维克(魁北克)、努纳福特 |
母语使用人数 | 39,475 (2016 调查)[1] 36,000 与西因纽特语 一同计算(2006)[2] |
语系 | 爱斯基摩-阿留申语系
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方言 | Qikiqtaaluk nigiani (南巴芬岛方言)
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文字 | 因纽特音节文字, 因纽特盲文、拉丁字母 |
官方地位 | |
作为官方语言 | 努纳武特、努纳维克、西北地方、努纳齐亚福特(加拿大) |
承认少数语言 | 魁北克(努纳维克) 纽芬兰与拉布拉多(努纳齐亚福特) 育空(西因纽特移民区) |
管理机构 | Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami和其他的当地机构 |
语言代码 | |
ISO 639-1 | iu Inuktitut |
ISO 639-2 | iku Inuktitut |
ISO 639-3 | iku ——囊括代码 Inuktitut各项代码: ike – 东因纽特语ikt – 因努因阿克顿语 |
Glottolog | east2534 Eastern Canadian Inuktitut[3] |
ELP | Inuktitut |
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Inuktitut_dialect_map.png/250px-Inuktitut_dialect_map.png)
![](http://images.weserv.nl/?url=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Inuktitut.png/220px-Inuktitut.png)
伊努克提图特语,或译作因纽特语、因努伊特语、Eastern Canadian Inuktitut( (/ɪˈnʊktɪtʊt/; Inuktitut: [inuktiˈtut], 音节文字 ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ; from inuk, "person" + -titut, "like", "in the manner of")),是靠近北极地区的因努伊特人使用的语言,分布在加拿大北部、美国阿拉斯加北部以及格陵兰岛等地。
伊努克提图特语有四个母音-a、i、u、e,子音有13-21个,重音取决于音节的长度,和亚洲一些语言相似。伊努克提图特语有大量的后缀,但没有前缀和复合词,现今的伊努克提图特语从俄语、英语以及楚克奇语中吸收了许多借词。书写时通常使用和克里语相似的音节文字。
伊努克提图特语有两种方言,可以互通,大部分因纽特人都能说当地的主流语言,一般都是说双语者。伊努克提图特语和阿留申语相邻,两种语言有一定的亲缘关系,同属爱斯基摩-阿留申语系,但不能互通。
注释
- ^ Census in Brief: The Aboriginal languages of First Nations people, Métis and Inuit. www12.statcan.gc.ca. [2017-11-12]. (原始内容存档于2017-11-07) (英语).
- ^ Various Languages Spoken (147), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) and Selected Language Characteristics (165), Aboriginal Identity (8), Age Groups (7), Sex (3) and Area of Residence (6) for the Population of Canada, Provinces and Territories, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data (Total – Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal identity population (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Eastern Canadian Inuktitut. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
参考文献
- Mallon, Mick. Inuktitut Linguistics for Technocrats. Inuktitutcomputing.ca. [2018-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-11).
- Mallon, Mick. Introductory Inuktitut. 1991. ISBN 0-7717-0230-2.
- Mallon, Mick. Introductory Inuktitut Reference Grammar. ISBN 0-7717-0235-3.
- Spalding, Alex. Inuktitut: A multi-dialectal outline dictionary (with an Aivilingmiutaq base). 1998 [2018-08-05]. ISBN 1-896204-29-5. (原始内容存档于2013-01-01).
- Spalding, Alex. Inuktitut: a Grammar of North Baffin Dialects. 1992. ISBN 0-920063-43-8.
- The Inuktitut Language. Project Naming | the identification of Inuit portrayed in photographic collections at Library and Archives Canada. Collectionscanada.ca. [2018-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2006-10-28).
- Arctic Languages: An Awakening (PDF). [2018-08-05]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-07-21). (2.68 MB), ed: Dirmid R. F. Collis. ISBN 92-3-102661-5.
Although as many of the examples as possible are novel or extracted from Inuktitut texts, some of the examples in this article are drawn from Introductory Inuktitut and Inuktitut Linguistics for Technocrats.
延伸阅读
- Allen, Shanley. Aspects of Argument Structure Acquisition in Inuktitut. Language acquisition & language disorders, v. 13. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Pub, 1996. ISBN 1-55619-776-4
- Balt, Peter. Inuktitut Affixes. Rankin Inlet? N.W.T.: s.n, 1978.
- Fortescue, Michael, Steven Jacobson, and Lawrence Kaplan. Comparative Eskimo Dictionary with Aleut Cognates – second edition. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press, 2011. ISBN 1555001092.
- Kalmar, Ivan. Case and Context in Inuktitut (Eskimo). Mercury series. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1979.
- Nowak, Elke. Transforming the Images Ergativity and Transitivity in Inuktitut (Eskimo). Empirical approaches to language typology, 15. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1996. ISBN 3-11-014980-X
- Schneider, Lucien. Ulirnaisigutiit An Inuktitut–English Dictionary of Northern Québec, Labrador, and Eastern Arctic Dialects (with an English-Inuktitut Index). Québec: Les Presses de l'Université Laval, 1985.
- Spalding, Alex, and Thomas Kusugaq. Inuktitut A Multi-Dialectal Outline Dictionary (with an Aivilingmiutaq Base). Iqaluit, NT: Nunavut Arctic College, 1998. ISBN 1-896204-29-5
- Swift, Mary D. Time in Child Inuktitut A Developmental Study of an Eskimo–Aleut Language[失效链接]. Studies on language acquisition, 24. Berlin: M. de Gruyter, 2004. ISBN 3-11-018120-7
- Thibert, Arthur. Eskimo–English, English–Eskimo Dictionary = Inuktitut–English, English–Inuktitut Dictionary. Ottawa: Laurier Books, 1997. ISBN 1-895959-12-8
外部链接
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